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Med Terminolgy > Chapter 5 > Flashcards

Chapter 5 Flashcards

0
Q

Amino acids

A

Small building blocks of proteins, released when proteins are digested

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1
Q

Adsorption

A

Passage of materials through the walls of the small intestines into the bloodstream

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2
Q

Amylase

A

Enzyme secreted by the pancreas to digest starch

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3
Q

Anus

A

Terminal end or opening of the digestive tract to the outside of the body

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4
Q

Appendix

A

Blind pouch hanging from the cecum ( in the RLQ).

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5
Q

Bile

A

Digestive juice made I. The liver and stored in the gallbladder. It break up large fat globules. Bike was originally calls gal, probably because it has a bitter taste

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6
Q

Bilirubin

A

Pigment released by the liver In bile

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7
Q

Bowel

A

Intestine

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8
Q

Canine teeth

A

Pointed, doglike teeth next to the incisors. Also called cuspids or eye teeth

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9
Q

Cecum

A

First part of the large intestines

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10
Q

Colon

A

Portion of the large intestine consisting of ascending, transverse, descending, and sigmoid segments

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11
Q

Common bile duct

A

Carries bile from the liver and gallbladder to the duodenum. Also called the choledochus

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12
Q

Defecation

A

Elimination of feces from the digestive tract through the anus

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13
Q

Deglutition

A

Swallowing

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14
Q

Dentin

A

The primary material found in teeth. It is covered by the enamel In The crown and a protective later of cementum In the root

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15
Q

Digestion

A

Breakdown of complex foods to simpler foods

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16
Q

Duodenum

A

First part of the small intestine. Duo=2, den=10, the duodenum measures 12 inches long

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17
Q

Elimination

A

Act of removal of materials from the body.

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18
Q

Emulsification

A

Physical process of breaking up large fat globules into smaller globules, thereby increasing the surface area that enzymes can use to digest the fat

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19
Q

Enamel

A

Hard, outermost layer of a tooth

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20
Q

Enzyme

A

A chemical that speeds up a reaction between substances. Digestive enzymes break down complex foods to a simpler substance.

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21
Q

Esophagus

A

Tube connecting the throat to the stomach. Eso=inward; phag/o=swallowing

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22
Q

Fatty acids

A

Substances produced when days are digested

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23
Q

Feces

A

Solid waste. Stool

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24
Q

Gallbladder

A

Small sac under the liver, stores bile.

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25
Q

Glucose

A

Simple sugar

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26
Q

Glycogen

A

Starch, glucose is stored in the form of glycogen in liver cells

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27
Q

Hydrochloric acid

A

Substance produced by the stomach, necessary for digestion of food

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28
Q

Ileum

A

Third part of the small intestine, Greek meaning twisted. The ileum is often an area of obstruction

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29
Q

Incisor

A

One of the four front teeth I bathe dental arch

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30
Q

Insulin

A

Hormone produced by the endocrine cells of the pancreas. It transports sugar from the blood into cells and stimulates glycogen formation by the liver

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31
Q

Jejunum

A

Second part of the small intestines.

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32
Q

Lipase

A

Pancreatic enzyme necessary to digest fat

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33
Q

Liver

A

Large organ located In The RUQ of the abdomen. The liver secretes bile; stores sugar, iron, and vitamins; produces blood proteins; and destroys worn out red blood cells. The normal adult liver weighs about 2.5-3 pounds

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34
Q

Lower esophageal sphincter (LES)

A

Ring off sucked between the esophagus and the stomach. Also called cardiac sphincter

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35
Q

Mastication

A

Chewing

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36
Q

Molar teeth

A

The sixth, seventh, and eighth teeth from the middle on either side of the dental arch.

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37
Q

Palate

A

Roof of the mouth

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38
Q

Pancreas

A

Organ under the stomach; produces insulin and enzymes

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39
Q

Papillae

A

Small elevations on the tongue.

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40
Q

Parotid gland

A

Salivary gland within the cheek, just anterior to the ear

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41
Q

Peristalsis

A

Rhythmic contractions of the tubular organs.

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42
Q

Pharynx

A

Throat

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43
Q

Portal vein

A

Large vein bringing blood to the liver from the intestine

44
Q

Protease

A

Enzyme that digests protein

45
Q

Pulp

A

Soft tissue within a tooth, containing nerves and blood vessels

46
Q

Pyloric sphincter

A

Ring of muscle at the end of the stomach, near the duodenum.

47
Q

Pylorus

A

Distal region of the stomach, opening to the duodenum

48
Q

Rectum

A

Last section of the large intestine, connecting the end of the colon and the anus

49
Q

Rugae

A

Ridges on the hard palate and the wall of the stomach

50
Q

Saliva

A

Digestive juice produced salivary glands

51
Q

Salivary glands

A

Parotid, sublingual, and submandibular glands

52
Q

Sigmoid colon

A

Fourth and last S-shaped segment of the colon, just before the rectum

53
Q

Sphincter

A

Circular ring of muscle that consists a passage or closes a natural opening

54
Q

Stomach

A

Muscular organ that receives food from the esophagus.

55
Q

Triglycerides

A

Fat molecules composed of three parts fatty acids and one part glycerol

56
Q

Uvula

A

Soft tissue hanging from the middle of the soft palate.

57
Q

Villi

A

Microscopic projection In The wall of the small intestine that absorb nutrients into the bloodstream

58
Q

An/o

A

Anus

59
Q

Append/o

Appendic/o

A

Appendix

60
Q

Bucc/o

A

Cheek

61
Q

Cec/o

A

Cecum

62
Q

Celi/o

A

Belly, abdomen

63
Q

Cheil/o

A

Lip

64
Q

Cholecyst/o

A

Gallbladder

65
Q

Choledoch/o

A

Common bile duct

66
Q

Col/o

Colon/o

A

Colon

67
Q

Dent/i

A

Tooth

68
Q

Duoden/o

A

Duodenum

69
Q

Enter/o

A

Intestines, usually small

70
Q

Esophag/o

A

Esophagus

71
Q

Faci/o

A

Face

72
Q

Gastr/o

A

Stomach

73
Q

Gingiv/o

A

Gums

74
Q

Gloss/o

A

Tongue

75
Q

Jejun/o

A

Jejunum

76
Q

Labi/o

A

Lip

77
Q

Lapar/o

A

Abdomen

78
Q

Lingu/o

A

Tongue

79
Q

Mandibul/o

A

Lower jaw

80
Q

Odont/o

A

Tooth

81
Q

Or/o

A

Mouth

82
Q

Palat/o

A

Palate

83
Q

Pancreat/o

A

Pancreas

84
Q

Peritone/o

A

Peritoneum

85
Q

Pharyng/o

A

Throat

86
Q

Proct/o

A

Anus and rectum

87
Q

Pylor/o

A

Pyloric sphincter

88
Q

Rect/o

A

Rectum

89
Q

Sialaden/o

A

Salivary gland

90
Q

Sigmoid/o

A

Sigmoid gland

91
Q

Stomat/o

A

Mouth

92
Q

Uvul/o

A

Uvula

93
Q

Amyl/o

A

Starch

94
Q

Bil/i

A

Bile

95
Q

Bilirubin/o

A

Bilirubin

96
Q

Chol/e

A

Gall, bile

97
Q

Chlorhydr/o

A

Hydrochloric acid

98
Q

Gluc/o

Glyc/o

A

Sugar

99
Q

Glycogen/o

A

Glycogen, animal starch

100
Q

Lip/o

A

Fat, lipid

101
Q

Lith/o

A

Stone

102
Q

Prote/o

A

Protein

103
Q

Sial/o

A

Salivary, saliva

104
Q

Steat/o

A

Fat

105
Q

-ase

A

Enzyme

106
Q

-chezia

A

Defection, elimination of waste

107
Q

-iasis

A

Abnormal condition

108
Q

-prandial

A

Meal

Med Terminolgy (17 decks)

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