Chapter 5

Question 1

Neurones & Glial

Answer 1

The brain, spinal cord and peripheral nervous system are composed of nerve tissue.

The basic cell type of nerve tissue is the neurone and glial cells.

Neurone and the functional cells
Glial cells support the neurones

They conduct + transmit nerve impulse

Question 2

3 Types of muscle Tissue

Answer 2

1) Smooth Muscle
2) Skeletal Muscle
3) Cardiac Muscle

Question 3

Smooth Muscle

Answer 3

Type of muscle tissue used by various systems to apply pressure to vessels and organs.

Composed of sheets and strands. Has fibres of actin and myosin.

Involuntary

Circulatory + Digestive System

Question 4

Cardiac Muscle

Answer 4

Muscle type of the heart

Involuntary

Question 5

Skeletal Muscle

Answer 5

Contractive Tissue found in animals -

Functions to move an organisms body.

Question 6

Muscle

Answer 6

Muscle is a soft tissue found in most animals, and is one of the four basic animal tissues, along with nervous tissue, epithelium, and connective tissue.[1] Muscle cells contain protein filaments called myofilaments of actin and myosin that slide past one another, producing a contraction that changes both the length and the shape of the cell. Muscles function to produce force and motion.

Question 7

Epithelia Cells and Tissue

Answer 7

A thin layer of cells protecting

1) Covers the body surface - Skin, organs
2) Primal Tissue of the glands
3) Anchored by a non living layer.
4) No blood vessels - Nourished by diffusion

Question 8

Connective Tissue

Answer 8

Connective tissue connects and joins other body tissue + parts

E.g bone, blood and cartilage

Also carries substances for processing nutrition and waste release

Question 9

Loose connective tissue

Answer 9

Holds organs in place

Attaches epithelial tissue to other underlying tissues

Question 10

Fibroblasts

Answer 10

The predominant cell type in connector tissue proper

Have the ability to convert into other types of cells under certain conditions.

Question 11

Macrophages

Answer 11

Part of tissue which predominantly destroys foreign particles.

Responsible for phagocytosing foreign bodies

Question 12

Plasma Cells

Answer 12

Part of the Immune system in that they produce circulatory antibodies.

Contains lots of rough ER.

Question 13

Adipose Cells

Answer 13

Specialised connective tissue consisting of lipid rich cells called adipocytes

As it comprises of 20-25% of total body weight

Main function is to store energy in the form of lipids.

Question 14

Cartilage

Answer 14

Rubber like padding that covers + protects the end of long bones.

Question 15

3x bone cell types.

Answer 15

Osteoblasts
Osteocytes
Osteoclasts

Question 16

Osteoblasts

Answer 16

Cells that form a new bone

Come from bone marrow.

Question 17

Osteocytes

Answer 17

Mature bone cells

Maintain communication through gap junctions

Derive from osteoblasts

Essentially osteoblasts surrounded by products the secreted

Question 18

Osteoclasts

Answer 18

Reduce & remodel bones.

Function of maintenance & repair.