Chapter 4

Question 1

Metabolism

Answer 1

In an individual or organism many biochemical reactions take place - collectively this is known as metabolism

Question 2

2 Categories of metabolism

Answer 2

1) Catabolism - The breakdown of macromolecules into micro-molecules
2) Anabolism - The building of macromolecules such as proteins using micro molecules such as amino acids

Question 3

Enzymes

Answer 3

A protein catalyst - A protein is a polypeptide made of amino acids

A catalyst is a substance that alters the rate of a chemical reaction without its self permanently changing into another compound.

A catalyst accelerates a reaction by decreasing the free energy of a reaction.

Question 4

A cofactor

Answer 4

A non chemical compound or metallic ion required for a enzymes activity as a catalyst

Question 5

Enzymes fall into two main groups

1) ?
2) ?

Answer 5

1) Simple proteins that only contain amino acids like digestive enzymes
2) Complex proteins - which certain amino acids and non amino acid cofactors

Question 6

The four sources of ATP?

Answer 6

1) Glycolysis
2) Krebs Citric Acid Cycle
3) Electron Transport Chain
4) Oxidative Phosphorylation

Question 7

Glycolysis

Answer 7

1) A metabolic pathway that converts glucose into pyruvate and a hydrogen.

Producing ATP + NADH for energy

Happens in the liver

Question 8

The Krebs Cycle

TCA

Answer 8

A series of chemical reactions used by all aerobic organisms to release stored energy through the oxidation of acelyl - CoA

Derived from Carbs, Lipids & Proteins

Question 9

Neurones - Gliall

Answer 9

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