Chapter 48: Assessment of Eye and Vision

Question 0

Nutrition for the Eye

Answer 0

Vitamin A deficiency > dryness, keratomalacia, blindness

Lutein and beta carotene maintain retinal function
Diet rich in red, orange, and dark green veggies and fruit. Eat 5-10 servings every day

Question 1

IOP

Answer 1

The gel in the posterior segment is called vitreous humor. The fluid in the anterior statement is called aqueous humor. They must be present in set amount to apply pressure inside the eye to keep it inflated. If it is too low it’s is soft and collapses. If it is too high it presses on the blood vessels and prevents blood from flowing called glaucoma.

Measured using a tonometer. If family hx, measure 1-2 times year. Pressure is usually higher in the morning, always record the time

Question 2

Exo-enophtalmos

Answer 2

Exo (proptosis) is protrusion of eye

Eno is sunken appearance of eye

Question 3

aniscoria

Answer 3

variation in the size of pupils in each eye.

Normal size is 3-5 mm

Question 4

consensual response

Answer 4

when both pupils constrict when shining the light into just one eye

Question 5

Pupil constriction

Answer 5

brisk 1 second

nonreactive or fixed

Question 6

Vision tests

Answer 6

Snellen: distance vision 20-40
Unable to use the above, count fingers, hand motion, or light perception

Near vision: Rosenbaum pocket vision or Jaegar card. Hold 14 inches away

Visual field: confrontation test

EOM: 6 cardinal postions gaze, CN III, IV, and VI

Corneal light: alignment of the eyes

Color vision: Ishihara chart

Question 7

nystagmus

Answer 7

involuntary and rapid twitching of the eyeball. It is normal for far lateral gaze