Chapter 48

Question 1

the modern era, so named to reflect the dominant impact of humans on Earth

Answer 1

Anthropocene Period

Question 2

the quantification of individual human claims on global resources by adding up all the energy, food, materials, and services used estimating how much land is required to provide those resources

Answer 2

ecological footprint

Question 3

a gas that absorbs heat energy and then emits it in all directions

Answer 3

greenhouse gas

Question 4

the average global surface temperature increase from human emissions of greenhouse gases

Answer 4

global warming

Question 5

biogeographic region that is both a significant reservoir of biodiversity and is threatened with destruction

Answer 5

biodiversity hotspot

Question 6

when the abundance of CO2 in the ocean increases causing the pH of seawater to go down

Answer 6

ocean acidification

Question 7

the process in which added nutrients lead to a great increase in the populations of algae and cyanobacteria

Answer 7

eutrophication

Question 8

the process in which natural habitat is rendered unable to support the species present. Organism previously used in site are displaced or destroyed, reducing biodiversity

Answer 8

habitat loss

Question 9

non-native species, when removed from natural constraints on population growth, invasive species can expand dramatically when introduced into new areas, often with negative consequences for native species and ecosystems.

Answer 9

invasive species