Chapter 47-48 Flashcards
Bowel Training (habit training)
the training program involves setting up a daily routine. By attempting to defecate at the same time each day and using measures that promote defecation, a patient may establish a normal defecation pattern
Cathartics
Drugs that act to promote bowel evacuation
Chyme
storage of swallowed food and liquid; mixing of food in the stomach with digestive juices into a substance
Clostridium difficile (C-difficile)
a common causative agent of diarrhea, which produces symptoms ranging from mild diarrhea to severe colitis. Patient acquired C-difficile infection in two ways: by over use of antibiotic and patient exposed to the organism from a health care worker’s hands or direct contact with contaminated surface.
Colonoscopy
after 3 positive fecal occult blood test, the patient will have colonoscopy. Colonoscopy is a test that allows your doctor to look at the inner lining of your large intestine (rectum and colon). He or she uses a thin, flexible tube called a colonoscope to look at the colon. A colonoscopy helps find ulcers, colon polyps, tumors, and areas of inflammation or bleeding.
Colostomy
is a temporary or permanent opening is created surgically by bringing part of the intestine out through the abdominal wall.
Peristalsis
rhythmical contractions of the intestine that propel gastric contents through the length of the gastrointestinal track
Diarrhea
increase in the number of stools and the passage of liquid, unformed feces.
Effluent
when the ileal pouch is created, the patient has a temporary ileostomy to divert the fecal stream or EFFLUENT and allow the suture lines in the pouch to heal.
Endoscopy
examination such as a gastroscopy or colonoscopy use a lighted fiberoptic tube to gain direct visualization of the upper gastrointestinal tract (upper endoscopy).
Endoscopy is a nonsurgical procedure used to examine a person’s digestive tract. Using an endoscope, a flexible tube with a light and camera attached to it, your doctor can view pictures of your digestive tract on a color TV monitor.
Blanchable hyperemia
redness of the skin caused by dilation of the superficial capillaries. When pressure is applied to the skin, the area blanches, or turns a lighter color.
Debridement
removal of dead tissue from a wound
Flatulence
is a common cause of abdominal fullness, pain, and cramping. Normally intestinal gas escapes through the mouth (belching) or the anus (passing of flatus or gas)
Drainage evacuators
convenient portable units that connect to tubular drains lying within a wound bed and exert a safe, constant, low-pressure vacuum to remove and collect drainage.
ileostomy
is a temporary or permanent opening is created surgically by bringing part of the intestine out through the abdominal wall.
ileus
any surgery that involves direct manipulation of the bowel temporarily stops peristalsis. This condition, call ileus, usually lasts about 24 to 48 hours.
Impaction
fecal impaction results when a patient has unrelieved constipation and is unable to expel the hardened feces retained in the rectum.
Incontinence
fecal incontinence is the inability to control passage of feces and gas from the anus. Urine incontinence is the inability to control passage of urine from the urethra
Friction
effects of rubbing or the resistance that a moving body meets from the surface on which it moves; a force that occurs in a direction to oppose movement.
Granulation tissue
soft, pink, fleshy projections of tissue that form during the healing process in a wound not healing by primary intention.
Polyps
A colon polyp is a small clump of cells that forms on the lining of the colon. Most colon polyps are harmless. But over time, some colon polyps can develop into colon cancer, which is often fatal when found in its later stages. Find during colonoscopy.
Hemostasis
termination of bleeding by mechanical or chemical means or the coagulation process of the body.
Wound, Ostomy and continence nurse (WOCN)
is a nurse specially educated to care ostomy patient.
Laceration
torn, jagged wound
Pressure ulcer
inflammation, sore, or ulcer in the skin over a bony prominence.
Blanching
occurs when the normal red tones of the light-skinned patient are absent.
Secondary intention
wound closure in which the edges are separated; granulation tissue develops to fill the gap; and, finally, epithelium grows in over the granulation, producing a larger scar than results with primary intention.
Collagen
a tough, fibrous protein that found in the dermal layer.
Epithelialization
the main activities during proliferative phase are the filling of a wound with granulation tissue, wound contraction, and wound resurfacing by epithelialization.
Fibrin
clots form a fibrin matrix that later provides a framework for cellular repair.
Hemorrhage
or bleeding from a wound site, is normal during and immediately after initial trauma.
Negative pressure wound therapy
is a therapeutic technique using a vacuum dressing to promote healing in acute or chronic wounds and enhance healing of second and third degree burns. The therapy involves the controlled application of sub-atmospheric pressure to the local wound environment, using a sealed wound dressing connected to a vacuum pump.
Nonblanchable erythema
the erythematous area does not blanch when you apply pressure, deep tissue damage is probable.
Puncture
puncture wounds bleed in relation to the depth, size, and location of the wound (a nail puncture dose not cause as much bleeding as a knife wound). the primary dangers of puncture wounds are internal bleeding and infection.
Purulent
yellow, green, or brown color drainage, depending on the causative organism.
Reactive hyperemia
signs of tissue ischemia in light-toned skin patient, blanching.
Sanguineous
bright red; indicates active bleeding.
Serosanguineous
pale, pink, watery; mixture of clear and red fluid
Serous
clear, watery plasma
Shearing force
Force acting on a substance in a direction perpendicular to the extension of the substance, as for example the pressure of air along the front of an airplane wing. Shear forces often result in shear strain.
Slough
soft yellow or white tissue is characteristic of slough (stringy substance attached to wound bed), and it must be removed by a skilled clinician or with the use of an appropriate wound dressing before the wound is able to heal.
Sutures
are threads or medal used to sew body tissues together.
Vacuum-assisted closure (V.A.C)
is a device that helps in wound closure by applying localized negative pressure to draw the edges of a wound together.
Wound
is a disruption of the integrity and function of tissues in the body.
Wound
is a disruption of the integrity and function of tissues in the body
