Chapter 42 Animal Reproduction Flashcards
Contraception
Methods to prevent fertilization or implantation
Spontaneous abortion
Frequently occur early in pregnancy
Result of a chromosomal abnormality in the fetus or a breakdown in the process of implantation
Artificial insemination
Physician places sperm in the woman’s reproductive tract
Egg
Contain not only genetic material but also all the other components necessary for building the embryo
Mitochondria
Apparatus for protein synthesis
Yolk
Sperm
Like a package of DNA with a motor attached
In spermatogenesis, cell division is
Equal
No need to keep all intracellular machinery together as in egg
(Sertoli cell’s function is to nourish
parthenogenesis
offspring are produced from unfertilized eggs that are stimulated to develop.
disadvantages of sexual production
you share only half your genes with offspring.
need 2 offsprings to break even and some if your genes may still not get passed on
advantage of sexual production
produces greater variety in the offspring
(new gene combination
one example of why variability valuable
resistance to parasites
(the Red Queen hypothesis
sexually producing species that contain both male and female reproductive organs are called
sequentially hermaphroditic
what produces nutrients for sperm
sertoli cell
for males, wolffian duct_______; mullerian duct_______.
persist and form the eventual vas deferens and some accessory structures; degenerates
for females, wolffian duct_______; mullerian duct_______.
degenerates; form the oviduct
seminal vesicles
secrete sugars and other nutrients
