chapter 41: reproductive systems

Question 1

Ultimate control of testes development is by the ________ which secretes ________.

a.
anterior pituitary; testosterone

b.
anterior pituitary; gonadotropin-releasing (GnRH) hormone

c.
hypothalamus; gonadotropin-releasing (GnRH) hormone

d.
hypothalamus; testosterone

e.
seminiferous tubules; inhibin

Answer 1

c.
hypothalamus; gonadotropin-releasing (GnRH) hormone

Question 2

What structure is produced during meiosis I in the male?

a.
Immature sperm

b.
Late spermatid

c.
Primary oocyte

d.
Secondary spermatocyte

e.
Spermatogonium

Answer 2

d.
Secondary spermatocyte

Question 3

Which of the following statements describes events during oogenesis?

a.
None of these events occur during oogenesis

b.
The primary oocyte divides producing two haploid cells

c.
The primary spermatocyte divides producing two spermatids

d.
The primary oocyte divides producing four diploid cells

Answer 3

b.
The primary oocyte divides producing two haploid cells

Question 4

During the luteal phase a low level of progesterone and estrogen will bring about

a.
The disintegration of the endometrium and the rupturing of the blood vessels

b.
A spike of the luteinizing hormone causing the oocyte to be ovulated

c.
The development of a secondary oocyte

d.
The thickening of the endometrial lining in preparation for the implantation of a zygote

Answer 4

a.
The disintegration of the endometrium and the rupturing of the blood vessels

Question 5

All of the following statements concerning activities in the female reproductive system are true except

a.
The follicles in the ovary produce estrogen

b.
A surge of FSH is believed to promote ovulation

c.
The corpus luteum produces progesterone

d.
LH stimulates the formation of the corpus luteum

Answer 5

b.
A surge of FSH is believed to promote ovulation

Question 6

what is sexual reproduction

Answer 6

produces offspring with chromosomes inherited from each parent with a unique combination of genes

Question 7

what are gametes

Answer 7

(sex cells) that unite to form offspring

Question 8

characteristics of sexual repro duction

Answer 8

-Majority of animals dioecious
-Genetic variation
-Produce gametes in specialized organs called gonads
-Gametes produced by meiosis and may be specialized as eggs or sperm

Question 9

what is hermaphroditic

Answer 9

-animals with both male and female sex organs in a single body
-Some capable of self-fertilization
-Majority cross-fertilization

Question 10

what is sequential hermaphroditism

Answer 10

ability to change sex throughout lifetime

Question 11

what is external fertilization

Answer 11

gametes are released & unite outside bodies of reproducing animals

Question 12

what is copulation

Answer 12

sexual union to facilitate the reception of sperm resulting in internal fertilization

Question 13

what is parthenogenesis

Answer 13

Modification of sexual reproduction in which an unfertilized egg develops into a complete individual

Question 14

what is obligate

Answer 14

Capacity of functioning or surviving only in a particular condition or by assuming a particular behavior

Question 15

what is facultative

Answer 15

Capacity to live under more than one specific set of environmental conditions

Question 16

what is asexual reproduction

Answer 16

single parent gives rise to offspring that are identical to the parent

Question 17

what is binary fission

Answer 17

separation of the body into two new bodies

Question 18

what is budding

Answer 18

new individual develops from some generative anatomical point of the parent organism

Question 19

what is fragmentation

Answer 19

organisms split into two or more fragments to become new individuals (offspring)

Question 20

what is vegetative propagation

Answer 20

process in which plants reproduce from stems, roots and leaves.

Question 21

what is sporogenesis

Answer 21

form of reproduction by means of spores

Question 22

what is oviparous

Answer 22

-External environment
-Most eggs contains extraembryonic membranes
as soon as egg and sperm cell meet up, extraembryonic membrane forms and it is released into environment to hatch
-little to no embryonic development happens within the organism
-Many aquatic animals have larval stage
-frogs and tadpoles

Question 23

what is oviviparous

Answer 23

-Produce eggs develop internally & hatch around time they are released into the environment
-egg and fetus get released at same time
-sharks
-no outside care or development

Question 24

what is viviparous

Answer 24

-Development of the offspring occurs inside parent; internally
-Continuous flow of nutrients during development
-Supplies offspring with nourishment, even after birth

Question 25

function of testes

Answer 25

produce sperm and sex hormones

Question 26

function of epididymides

Answer 26

sites of maturation and some storage of sperm

Question 27

function of vasa deferentia

Answer 27

conduct and store sperm

Question 28

function of seminal vesicles

Answer 28

contribute to fluid and semen

Question 29

function of prostate gland

Answer 29

contributes fluid to semen

Question 30

function of urethra

Answer 30

conducts sperm and urine

Question 31

function of bulbourethral glands

Answer 31

contribute fluid to semen

Question 32

how does the production of sperm work

Answer 32

-Tetstis composed of lobules
-Three to one seminiferous tubules: Long, coiled structure -contained within chambers of testis where sperm are produced

Question 33

function of ovaries

Answer 33

produce egg and sex hormones

Question 34

function of uterine tubes (fallopian tubes)

Answer 34

conduct egg to the uterus and is the location of fertilization

Question 35

function of uterus (womb)

Answer 35

houses developing embryonic stem cells and fetus

Question 36

function of vagina

Answer 36

receives penis during copulation and serves as birth canal

Question 37

what is the uterine cycle

Answer 37

Female sex hormones produced in ovarian cycle affect endometrium of uterus
Causes series of events known as uterine cycle
28 day cycle