chapter 41: reproductive systems Flashcards
Ultimate control of testes development is by the ________ which secretes ________.
a.
anterior pituitary; testosterone
b.
anterior pituitary; gonadotropin-releasing (GnRH) hormone
c.
hypothalamus; gonadotropin-releasing (GnRH) hormone
d.
hypothalamus; testosterone
e.
seminiferous tubules; inhibin
c.
hypothalamus; gonadotropin-releasing (GnRH) hormone
What structure is produced during meiosis I in the male?
a.
Immature sperm
b.
Late spermatid
c.
Primary oocyte
d.
Secondary spermatocyte
e.
Spermatogonium
d.
Secondary spermatocyte
Which of the following statements describes events during oogenesis?
a.
None of these events occur during oogenesis
b.
The primary oocyte divides producing two haploid cells
c.
The primary spermatocyte divides producing two spermatids
d.
The primary oocyte divides producing four diploid cells
b.
The primary oocyte divides producing two haploid cells
During the luteal phase a low level of progesterone and estrogen will bring about
a.
The disintegration of the endometrium and the rupturing of the blood vessels
b.
A spike of the luteinizing hormone causing the oocyte to be ovulated
c.
The development of a secondary oocyte
d.
The thickening of the endometrial lining in preparation for the implantation of a zygote
a.
The disintegration of the endometrium and the rupturing of the blood vessels
All of the following statements concerning activities in the female reproductive system are true except
a.
The follicles in the ovary produce estrogen
b.
A surge of FSH is believed to promote ovulation
c.
The corpus luteum produces progesterone
d.
LH stimulates the formation of the corpus luteum
b.
A surge of FSH is believed to promote ovulation
what is sexual reproduction
produces offspring with chromosomes inherited from each parent with a unique combination of genes
what are gametes
(sex cells) that unite to form offspring
characteristics of sexual repro duction
-Majority of animals dioecious
-Genetic variation
-Produce gametes in specialized organs called gonads
-Gametes produced by meiosis and may be specialized as eggs or sperm
what is hermaphroditic
-animals with both male and female sex organs in a single body
-Some capable of self-fertilization
-Majority cross-fertilization
what is sequential hermaphroditism
ability to change sex throughout lifetime
what is external fertilization
gametes are released & unite outside bodies of reproducing animals
what is copulation
sexual union to facilitate the reception of sperm resulting in internal fertilization
what is parthenogenesis
Modification of sexual reproduction in which an unfertilized egg develops into a complete individual
what is obligate
Capacity of functioning or surviving only in a particular condition or by assuming a particular behavior
what is facultative
Capacity to live under more than one specific set of environmental conditions
what is asexual reproduction
single parent gives rise to offspring that are identical to the parent
what is binary fission
separation of the body into two new bodies
what is budding
new individual develops from some generative anatomical point of the parent organism
what is fragmentation
organisms split into two or more fragments to become new individuals (offspring)
what is vegetative propagation
process in which plants reproduce from stems, roots and leaves.
what is sporogenesis
form of reproduction by means of spores
what is oviparous
-External environment
-Most eggs contains extraembryonic membranes
as soon as egg and sperm cell meet up, extraembryonic membrane forms and it is released into environment to hatch
-little to no embryonic development happens within the organism
-Many aquatic animals have larval stage
-frogs and tadpoles
what is oviviparous
-Produce eggs develop internally & hatch around time they are released into the environment
-egg and fetus get released at same time
-sharks
-no outside care or development
what is viviparous
-Development of the offspring occurs inside parent; internally
-Continuous flow of nutrients during development
-Supplies offspring with nourishment, even after birth
