Chapter 4.1 Macromolecules and Genes Flashcards
1
Q
The functional unit of genetic information is known as the what?
A
Gene
2
Q
Genes are in cells and composed of what?
A
DNA
3
Q
What are the three informational macromolecules in the cell?
A
DNA
RNA
Protein
4
Q
Genetic information flow aka the formation of proteins can be divided into what 3 stages?
A
Replication
Transcription
Translation
5
Q
What is replication?
A
DNA is duplicated
6
Q
What is transcription?
A
Information from DNA is transferred to RNA
7
Q
What are the 3 different types of RNA and what do they do?
A
- mRNA (messenger RNA): encodes polypeptides
- tRNA (transfer RNA): plays role in protein synthesis
- rRNA (ribosomal RNA): plays role in protein synthesis
8
Q
What is translation?
A
Information in RNA is used to build polypeptides
9
Q
What is the difference between gene transcription in Eukaryotes and Prokaryotes?
A
Eukaryotes have each gene transcribed individually whereas Prokaryotes have multiple genes transcribed together
