Chapter 40 - Peptic Ulcer Disease Med Cards

Question 1

Omeprazole - Proton Pump Inhibitor

Answer 1

Action - act by blocking the enzyme (H+, K+ ATPase) responsible for secreting hydrochloric acid in the stomach

Uses - They are the drugs of choice for short-term therapy of PUD and GERD. Erosive esophagitis.

Contraindications - Hypersensitivity

Adverse Effects - Headache, nausea, diarrhea, rash, and abdominal pain, GI infection

Patient Teaching - Report severe diarrhea; black tarry stools; abdominal pain/cramps; or continuing headaches

• hypoglycemia may occur
• avoid hazardous activities due to drowsiness
• avoid alcohol, salicylate, NSAIDs; may cause GI irritation
• take as directed
• take before first meal of the day (22 - 30 mins before)

Question 2

Ranitidine - H2-Receptor Antagonist

Answer 2

Action - Block H2-receptors in the stomach to decrease acid production

Uses - PUD

Contraindications - Hypersensitivity, acute porphyria, children less than 12

Adverse Effects - Headache
-can reduce the number of red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets. High doses may result in impotence or loss of libido in men.

Patient Teaching - must be continued as prescribed to be effective

• notify if pregnancy planned, suspected; to avoid breastfeeding
• not to take maximum OTC dose for more than 2 weeks
• To take once daily dose before bedtime or after big meal

Question 3

Aluminum Hydroxide - Antacid

Answer 3

Action - Neutralize stomach acid by raising the pH of the stomach contents

Uses - sympomatic/acute relief of heartburn caused by PUD and GERD

Contraindications - bowel obstruction

Adverse Effects - constipation
- in high doses, can cause phosphate depletion

Patient Teaching - Seperate other medications by 2 hours

• stools may appear white or speckled
• not to use for prolonged periods for patients with low serum phosphate or patients low in sodium diets; to shake liquid well
• Aluminum = constipation
• Magnesium = diarrhea