Chapter 11 - Emergency Preparedness and Poisonings

Question 1

Fundamental elements of toxicity treatment provided bt the nurse

Answer 1

Fundamental to the patient’s survival is maintaining the patient’s airway, breathing, and circulation. (ABCs)

-* In addition, it is important to make sure that proper blood glucose levels are maintained and that arterial blood gases are stable.

Question 2

Syrup of ipecac

Answer 2

has been used primarily to induce vomiting

-* evidence is sparse indicating that ipecac actually helps the outcome of poisonings in many cases, and it may actually cause more harm, as in cases of caustic poisoning such as with drain cleaners, which may burn tissue again as they are vomited.

Question 3

Activated charcoal

Answer 3

Single -dose activated charcoal may be administered if the poison is carbon based.

Question 4

Whole-bowel irrigation

Answer 4

May be considered for potentially toxic ingestions of sustained-released or enteric-coated drugs.

Question 5

Acetaminophen toxicity

Answer 5

acetylcysteine (antidote)

Question 6

Acetylcholine toxicity

Answer 6

Atropine sulfate (antidote)

Question 7

Anticholinergic toxicity

Answer 7

Cholinergic receptor agonist and acetylcholinesterase inhibitors (parasympathomimetic) (antidotes)

Question 8

Lead toxicity (heavy metal poisoning)

Answer 8

calcium EDTA and deferoxamine (antidotes)

Question 9

Arsenic, gold, and mercury toxicity

Answer 9

dimercaprol (antidote)

Question 10

Copper, iron, lead, arsenic, gold, and mercury toxicity

Answer 10

penicillamine (antidote)

Question 11

Cholinergic blocking agent toxicity

Answer 11

physostigmine (antidote)