Chapter 4 WMS-IV Interpretation

Question 1

What does WMS-IV stand for?

Answer 1

Wechsler Memory Scale - Fourth Edition

Question 2

What is a key feature of WMS-IV regarding memory tests?

Answer 2

No ‘pure memory’ tests

Question 3

What types of tasks does WMS-IV include?

Answer 3

• Language-based tasks
• Visual-perceptual tasks

Question 4

How should results from WMS-IV be interpreted?

Answer 4

• Compare to base rates
• Look for patterns of low scores
• Choose a cutoff score
• Balance sensitivity and specificity

Question 5

What are the mean and standard deviation for WMS-IV indexes?

Answer 5

M = 100, SD = 15 (range: 40-160)

Question 6

What are the mean and standard deviation for WMS-IV subtest scores?

Answer 6

M = 10, SD = 3 (range: 1-19)

Question 7

What should be considered when interpreting WMS-IV scores?

Answer 7

• Clients’ acculturation
• Language facility

Question 8

What is the purpose of the Auditory Memory Index (AMI)?

Answer 8

Assesses attention, comprehension, and recall of oral information

Question 9

What do high scores on the Auditory Memory Index indicate?

Answer 9

Strong auditory memory abilities

Question 10

What is assessed by the Visual Memory Index (VMI)?

Answer 10

Memory for visual details and spatial locations

Question 11

What do high scores on the Visual Memory Index indicate?

Answer 11

Good abilities in recalling visual details and locations

Question 12

What does the Immediate Memory Index (IMI) assess?

Answer 12

Recall of verbal and visual information immediately after presentation

Question 13

What does the Delayed Memory Index (DMI) measure?

Answer 13

Retention and retrieval of information after a 20 to 30 minute delay

Question 14

What is the distinction between Immediate and Delayed Memory?

Answer 14

Immediate Memory is assessed right after presentation, Delayed Memory is assessed after a delay

Question 15

What does the Visual Working Memory Index (VWMI) assess?

Answer 15

Attention, organization, and manipulation of visuospatial information

Question 16

What factors can affect delayed memory performance?

Answer 16

• Visual modalities
• Auditory-verbal modalities

Question 17

What is the significance of comparing Immediate and Delayed Memory scores?

Answer 17

Indicates information decay over time

Question 18

What does Logical Memory (LM) assess?

Answer 18

Auditory memory through story recall subtests

Question 19

What are the two versions of the Logical Memory task?

Answer 19

• LM I: Immediate recall
• LM II: Delayed recall

Question 20

What are some factors affecting Logical Memory interpretation?

Answer 20

• Receptive and expressive language abilities
• Auditory working memory
• General intellectual functioning

Question 21

What does the Verbal Paired Associates (VPA) task measure?

Answer 21

Associative learning task

Question 22

What are the components of the Verbal Paired Associates task?

Answer 22

• Initial learning phase
• Delayed cued recall

Question 23

What does the Visual Reproduction (VR) task measure?

Answer 23

Visual immediate and delayed memory

Question 24

What does the scoring of the Visual Reproduction task focus on?

Answer 24

Recalling specific features/details of geometric designs

Question 25

What is the purpose of recognition trials in Logical Memory?

Answer 25

Determine examinee's ability to recognize vs. freely recall information

Question 26

What does a low score on the VPA II Recognition indicate?

Answer 26

Retrieval deficits

Question 27

What cognitive functions can affect performance in Verbal Paired Associates?

Answer 27

* Language functioning * Auditory working memory * General intellectual functioning

Question 28

What does a high score on the VWMI indicate?

Answer 28

Strong visual working memory abilities

Question 29

What should be done when using WMS-IV scores?

Answer 29

Avoid overinterpreting scores and focus on index scores

Question 30

Fill in the blank: WMS-IV scores alone cannot diagnose _______.

Answer 30

specific clinical conditions

Question 31

True or False: Males typically perform better than females on the Visual Memory Index.

Answer 31

True

Question 32

True or False: Females typically perform better than males on the Auditory Memory Index.

Answer 32

False

Question 33

What do low scores in VR Immediate Recall vs. Delayed Recall indicate?

Answer 33

Possible retrieval deficit ## Footnote Low scores suggest a higher-than-expected forgetting rate.

Question 34

What do high scores in VR Immediate Recall vs. Delayed Recall suggest?

Answer 34

Unusual, better recall for individual design details ## Footnote High scores indicate improved memory with additional time for consolidation.

Question 35

What is the purpose of Visual Reproduction (VR) I and II?

Answer 35

Measure of delayed memory recall ability ## Footnote Controls for initial encoding.

Question 36

What does a low score in VR Copy vs. Immediate Recall indicate?

Answer 36

Poor memory performance despite drawing difficulties ## Footnote Indicates challenges in immediate memory related to drawing ability.

Question 37

What is assessed by VR Task in Visual Reproduction?

Answer 37

Visual-perceptual and constructional abilities ## Footnote Affects performance in visual memory tasks.

Question 38

What factors affect performance in Visual Reproduction tasks?

Answer 38

* Visual-perceptual processing and constructional abilities * Encoding in 10-second exposure * Language ability * Executive functioning ## Footnote These factors impact how visual information is organized and encoded.

Question 39

What is the procedure for Designs (DE) I and II?

Answer 39

4x4 grid with designs, immediate and 20-30 minute delayed recall ## Footnote Measures both immediate and delayed visual memory.

Question 40

What do high scores in DE Optional Recognition Trial indicate?

Answer 40

Good recognition memory ## Footnote Suggests that additional recognition structure aids memory.

Question 41

What do DE Spatial and Content Scores separate?

Answer 41

Scoring for spatial recall and visual details ## Footnote Evaluates immediate and delayed recall abilities.

Question 42

What does DE II Recognition vs. Delayed Recall assess?

Answer 42

Long-delay recall relative to initial encoding ## Footnote Compares memory retention over time.

Question 43

What is the role of executive functioning in DE tasks?

Answer 43

Influences the ability to organize and encode visual information ## Footnote Important for performance in visual-spatial tasks.

Question 44

What does Spatial Addition (SA) measure?

Answer 44

Visual working memory ## Footnote Assesses skills like spatial span and mental manipulation.

Question 45

What are red dot errors in Spatial Addition (SA)?

Answer 45

Rare in normative sample, represents atypical response style ## Footnote May require evaluation of understanding of instructions.

Question 46

What essential skill is required for completing Spatial Addition tasks?

Answer 46

Spatial memory ## Footnote Critical for remembering blue dot locations.

Question 47

What does Symbol Span (SSP) primarily measure?

Answer 47

Visual-detail working memory ## Footnote Assesses visual span and mental manipulation of design order.

Question 48

What factors affect performance in Symbol Span (SSP)?

Answer 48

* Visual-perceptual skills * General intellectual ability * Visual acuity * Visual scanning * Executive functioning ## Footnote These factors influence encoding and sequencing of information.