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Medical Terminology > Chapter 4 Whole Body > Flashcards

Chapter 4 Whole Body Flashcards

1
Q

Abdominal Cavity

A

The cavity beneath the thoracic cavity the aid separated from the thoracic cavity by the diaphragm

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2
Q

Abdominopelvic Cavity

A

A term that describes the abdominal and pelvic cavity, refers to the space between the diaphragm and the groin

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3
Q

Anaplasia

A

A change in the structure and orientation of the cells, characterized by a loss of differentiation and reversion to a primitive form

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4
Q

Anatomical position

A

The standard position for the body as a whole, standing arms/palms forward

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5
Q

Anterior

A

Pertaing to the front of the body towards the belly of the body

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6
Q

Aplasia

A

A developmental failure resulting in the absence of any organ or tissue

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7
Q

Cardiac Muscle

A

The muscle that makes us the muscular wall of the heart

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8
Q

Caudal

A

Pertaining to the tail

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9
Q

Cell

A

The smallest and most numerous structural unit of living matter

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10
Q

Cell membrane

A

The semipermeable barrier the is the outer covering of a cell

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11
Q

Cervical Vertebrae

A

The first seven segments of the spinal colum, identified as C1 through C7

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12
Q

Chromosomes

A

The threadlike structures within the nucleus that controls the functions of growth, repair, and repoduction for the body

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13
Q

Coccyx

A

The tail bone

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14
Q

Connective Tissue

A

Tissue that supports and binds other body tissue and parts

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15
Q

Cranial

A

Pertaining to the skull or cranium

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16
Q

Cranial Cavity

A

The cavity that contains the brain

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17
Q

Cytology

A

The study of cells

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18
Q

Cytoplasm

A

A gel like substance that surrounds the nucleus of a cell.

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19
Q

Deep

A

Away from the surface and towards the inside of the body

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20
Q

Distal

A

Away from ot farthest from the trunk of the body or farthest from the point of origin of a body part

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21
Q

Dorsal

A

Pertaining to the back

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22
Q

Dorsum

A

The back or posterior surface of a part; on the foot, the top of the foot

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23
Q

Dysplasia

A

Any abnormal development of tissues or organs

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24
Q

Epigastric Region

A

The region of the abdomen located between the right and left hypochondriac regions in the upper sactions of the abdomen, beneath the cartilage of the ribs

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25
Epithelial Tissue
The tissue that covers the internal and external organs of the body
26
Frontal Plane
Any of the vertical planes that divide the body into front and back sections
27
Genes
Segments of chromosomes that transmit hereditary info
28
Histologist
A medical Scientist who specializes in the study of tissues
29
Hyperplasia
An increase in the number of cells of a body part
30
Hypochondriac Region
The right and left regions of the upper abdomen, beneath the cartilage of the lower ribs; located on either side of the epigastric region
31
Hypogastric Region
The middle section of the lower abdomen, beneath the umbilical region
32
Hypoplasia
Incomplete or underdeveloped organ or tissue, usually the result of a decrease in the number of cells
33
Inferior
Below or downward towards the tail or feet
34
Inguinal Region
The right and left regions of the lower section of the abdomen; also called the iliac region
35
Intervertebral disc
A flat, circular, plate-like structure of cartilage that serves as a cushon between the vertebrae
36
Lateral
Towards the side of the body, away from the midline of the body
37
Long axis
The midline of the body from the head to feet
38
Lumbar Region
The right and left regions of the middle section of the abdomen
39
Lumbar Vertebrae
The longest and strongest vertebrae of the spinal column, located in the lower back. L1 through L5
40
Lysosomes
Cell organs that contain various types of enzymes that function in intracellular digestion. Lysosomes destroy bacteria by digesting them.
41
McBurneys Point
A Point on the right side of the abdomen, about two-thirds of the distance between the umbilicus and the anterior bony prominence of the hip
42
Medial
Towards the midline of the body
43
Mediolateral
Pertaining to the middle and the side of the structure
44
Membrane
A thin layer of tissue that covers a surface, lines a cavity, or divids a space, such as the abdominal membrane that lines the abdominal wall
45
Midline of the body
The imaginary line created to divide into right and left halfs
46
Midsagittal Plane
The plane that divids the body into right and left equal parts
47
Mitochondria
Cell organs which provide the energy needed by the cell to carry on its essential functions
48
Munro's Point
A point on the left side of the abdomen, about half way between the umbilicus and the anterior bony prominence of the hip
49
Muscle Tissue
The tissue capable of producint movement of the part and organs of the body by contracting and relaxing its fibers
50
Navel
The umbilicus; the belly button
51
Neoplasia
The new and abnormal development of cells that may be benign or malignant
52
Nervous Tissue
Tissue that transmits impulses throughout the body, thereby activating, coordinating, and controling the many functions of the body
53
Nucleus
The central controlling body within a living cell that is enclosed within the cell membrane
54
Organ
Tissue arranged together to perform a special function
55
Pelvic Cavity
The lower front cavity of the body, located beneath the abdominal cavity; cintains the uninary bladder and repoductive organs
56
Peritoneum
A specific serous membrane that covers the entire abdomenal wall of the body and is reflected over the contained viscera
57
Plane
Imaginary slices made through the body as if it were dividing them
58
Plantar
Pertaining to the sole or bottom of the feet
59
Posterior
Pertaining to the back of the body
60
Pronation
A movement that allows the palms of the hands to turn downward and backward
61
Prone
Lying face down on the abdomen
62
Proximal
Together to the trunk of the body or neares the point of origin or a body part
63
Ribosomes
Cell organs that synthesize protein; often called the cells protein factory
64
Sacrum
The sungular triangular-shaped bone that results from the fusion of the five individual sacral bones of the child
65
Skeletal Muscle
Muscle that is attached to bone and is responsible for the movement of the skeleton
66
Smooth Muscle
Muscle found in the walls of the hallow internal organs of the body such as the stomach and intestines
67
Spinal Cavity
The cavity that contains the verves of the spinal cord; also known as the spinal canal
68
Superficial
Pertaining to the surface of the body or near the surface
69
Superior
Above or upward toward the head
70
Supination
A Movement that allows the palms of the hands to turn upward or forward
71
Supine
Lying horizontal on the back, face up
72
System
Organs that work together to perform the many functions of the body
73
Thoracic Cavity
The chest cavity, Which contains the lungs, heart, aorta, esophagus, and trachea
74
Thoracic Vertebrae
The second segment of 12 vertebrae that makeup the vertebral bones of the chest; identified as T1 through T12
75
Tissue
A group of cells that perform a specialized function
76
Transverse Plane
Divids the body into upper and lower planes
77
Umbilical Region
The region of the abdomen located in the middle section od the abdomen, between the right and left lumbar regions and directly beneath the epigastric region
78
Umbilicus
The Naval; the belly button
79
Ventral
Pertaining to the front; belly side
80
Visceral
Pertaining to the internal organs

Medical Terminology (6 decks)

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