Chapter 4 (vocabulary)

Question 1

Aqueous Solution

Answer 1

Solutions in which water is the dissolving medium

Question 2

Solvent

Answer 2

Components of the solution this is present in the greatest quantity

Question 3

Solutes

Answer 3

Other components of a solution

Question 4

Electrolyte

Answer 4

Substance whose aqueous solution contains ions

Question 5

Non electrolyte

Answer 5

Any substance that forms a solution containing no ions

Question 6

Strong electrolyte

Answer 6

Electrolytes that are present in a solution entirely as ions

Question 7

Weak electrolytes

Answer 7

Electrolytes that are present partly as ions and partly as molecules

Question 8

Solvation

Answer 8

The interaction of ions with polar solvent molecules

Question 9

Chemical equilibrium

Answer 9

The relative number of each type of ion or molecule in the reaction are constant over time

Question 10

Precipitation reaction

Answer 10

Reaction that results in the formation of an insoluble product

Question 11

Precipitate

Answer 11

Insoluble solid formed by a reaction in a solution

Question 12

Solubility

Answer 12

I’d the amount that dissolves in a given quantity of solvent

Question 13

Exchange reaction

Answer 13

Cations and anions appear to exchange partners

Question 14

Molecular equation

Answer 14

Shows complete chemical formula and shows without indication ionic character

Question 15

Complete ionic equation

Answer 15

Equation written with all soluble strong electrolytes shown as ions

Question 16

Spectator ions

Answer 16

Ions that appear in identical forms in both sides of a complete ionic equation

Question 17

Net ionic equation

Answer 17

Includes only the ions and molecules directly involved

Question 18

Acids

Answer 18

Substances that ionize in aqueous solutions to form hydrogen ions

Question 19

Bases

Answer 19

Substances that accept (react) with hydrogen ions

Question 20

Strong acids/strong bases

Answer 20

Strong electrolytes (completely ionized)

Question 21

Weak acids/bases

Answer 21

Weak electrolytes (partially ionized)

Question 22

Neutralization reaction

Answer 22

Solution of an acid and base are mixed

Question 23

Salt

Answer 23

Any ionic compound whose cation comes from a base and anion who comes from an acid

Question 24

Oxidation

Answer 24

Loss of electrons by a substance

Question 25

Reduction

Answer 25

The gain of electrons

Question 26

Redox reaction

Answer 26

Electrons are transferred from one reactant to another (one reactant is a metal in elemental form)

Question 27

Oxidation numbers

Answer 27

Track charge of electrons during chemical reactions and are assigned to atoms using specific rules

Question 28

Displacement reactions

Answer 28

Reaction between a metal and an acid/metal salt (ion in the solution is displaced through oxidation)

Question 29

Activity series

Answer 29

A list of metals arranged in order of decreasing ease of oxidization

Question 30

Concentration

Answer 30

The amount of solute dissolved in the solvent

Question 31

Molarity

Answer 31

The number of moles of solute per liter of solution

Question 32

Dilution

Answer 32

Diluting to a known volume

Question 33

Titration

Answer 33

Combining a solution where the solute concentration is not know with a reagent solution of known concentration

Question 34

Standard solution

Answer 34

Reagent solution of known concentration

Question 35

Equivalence point

Answer 35

The point at which stoichiometry equivalent quantities are brought together