Chapter 4: The human resource management function- Factors

Question 1

Human resource management

Answer 1

Human resource
management is the effective management of the relationship between the employer
and employees.

Question 2

What employees expect from LSO’s

Answer 2

• Constructive feedback
• A sense of satisfaction
• Correct payment
• Opportunity for training, development and promotion

Question 3

What LSO’s expect from employees

Answer 3

• Be committed to their job
• Follow reasonable requests
• Work cooperatively

Question 4

Define motivation

Answer 4

Motivation is what drives a person to apply individual effort over a sustainable period of time.

Question 5

Motivation theory- Maslows

Answer 5

Maslow theorised that there was a hierarchy of 5 needs, each level would act as a motivator until it had been met, once it had been met it would no longer motivate staff. Each level needs to be achieved in order. From bottom to the top of the hierarchy, the levels include physiological, safety, social, esteem and self-actualisation.

Question 6

Compare Maslow and Locke’s theories of motivation

Answer 6

Similarities include:

• both believe motivation is crucial to job satisfaction
• individual employees are motivated by different aspects in the workplace
• recognition is a major motivator

Differences include:

• needs theory versus goal-setting theory
• stages of motivation versus no stages
• Maslow says working conditions are a motivator, Locke does not

Question 7

Hertzberg’s theory of motivation

Answer 7

Consist of two sets of factors-
Hygiene factors:

• Hygiene factors refer to the work environment and working conditions rather than the actual work.
• Hygiene factors are not motivators, but factors that ensure no dissatisfaction exists.
• Pay is a hygiene factor and acts to remove demotivation

Motivational factors:

• these create job satisfaction
• they act as motivation for the long-term

Question 8

Hertzberg’s theory- hygiene and motivators

Answer 8

Examples

Motivators:

• opportunity for growth and promotion
• level of responsibility given
• employees sense of accomplishment in their job

Hygiene factors:

• job security
• adequate pay
• good relationship between employees and management
• acceptable working conditions

Question 9

Benefits to business using Hertzberg’s motivational theory

Answer 9

• improved productivity
• quality
• service
• delivery reliability
• innovativeness
• lower staff turnover

Question 10

Selection processes

Answer 10

• Background and referencing tests

- Physiological tests

Question 11

Locke’s goal-setting theory

Answer 11

Locke theorised that the setting of specific goals and working towards these are a major motivator for employees.

The employee must also be committed to meet the challenge, and it helps if each employee receives constant feedback that provides clarification and adjustment of the goals and recognition for the efforts being made. The goal or task should not become so overwhelming that a person loses motivation.