Chapter 4: The Flight Environment Flashcards
When is it appropriate to deviate from an ATC clearance?
A emergency
- only a PIC can do
When must the PIC submit a written report to the FAA after a deviation from a clearance
When requested by FAA
What is the most effective method to scan for other aircraft during the day? Night? Why?
DAY: short spaced eye movements, focus at least one second in each 10 degree sector
- allows thorough coverage of a wide area while having a sharp focus on each segment. This helps detect something more quickly and accurately.
NIGHT: peripheral vision to scan small sectors and utilize off center viewing
- rods in retina are responsible for low light vision and are concentrated towards the edge of an eye.
note: if you use day method for night, it causes a “night blind spot” and details fade away
What happens to air traffic and terrain features when looking through haze?
They will appear further away then actually due to the diffusion of light (visual illusion).
What is required before you can operate an aircraft in formation flight?
All PIC in each airplane must coordinate and arrange prior to flight. They all should have training in formation flight including being proficient in maneuvers.
How do you know if youre on a collision course with another aircraft?
If there is no apparent relative motion between another aircraft and yours
How do you use a cockpit display of traffic information (CDTI) to avoid a collision?
Continuously scan for traffic by looking outside and cross check the CDTI to learn what areas need increased attention.
Where is aerobatic flight prohibited?
- Over a congested area or open air assembly of persons.
- within lateral boundaries of any controlled airspace extending to the surface around an airport.
- an airspace designated for federal airways
- below 1500 ft AGL and less than 3 sm visibility
What are the right of way rules in regards to aircrafts within different categories?
1st: Ballon
2nd: Glider
3rd: Aircraft refueling
4th: Airship
5th: Airplane
6th: Rotorcraft
A/C in distress trumps all
What are the right of way rules in regards to landing?
- a/c on final approach has right of way then those on ground or traffic pattern
- a/c at lowest altitude
Who has the right of way when overtaking another aircraft?
The a/c being overtaken has the right of way. The overtaking aircraft must pass the slower aircraft on the right and stay well clear.
Who has the right of way when approaching another aircraft head on?
Both pilots in aircrafts must alter to the right.
Who has the right of way when same category aircraft are converging?
The aircraft to the right has the right of way.
What is the minimum safe altitude in an uncongested area?
500 ft above the surface
What is the minimum safe altitude over congested areas?
1000ft above any obstacle within a horizontal radius of 2000ft of the a/c.
What is the minimum altitude over a sparsely populated or open water area?
500 ft from any person, vehicle, vessel, or structure
What are the proper controls for taxi when:
1. Headwind
2. Right Quartering Headwind
3. Left Quartering Headwind
4. Tailwind
5. Right Quartering Tailwind
6. Left Quartering Tailwind
- Headwind - climb into
- R Headwind - Aileron Up on right wing & neutral elevator
- L Headwind - Aileron Up on left wing & neutral elevator
- Tailwind - dive away from
- R Tailwind - Aileron down on right wing & elevator down
- L Tailwind - Aileron down on left wing & elevator down
As a PIC when should you have your seatbelt on? Shoulder harness?
Seatbelt: takeoff, landings, enroute
Shoulder harness: takeoff and landings
What is the recommended procedure for exchanging flight controls?
A positive exchange of flight controls
You: “you have the flight controls”
Other: “i have the flight controls”
You: “you have the flight controls”
- Visually verify that they do
When should the NTSB be notified if airplane is involved in an accident that results in substantial damage
Immediately
How are runway numbers determined?
By the magnetic direction, rounded to nearest 10 degree
What is the purpose of a displaced threshold and the operating limitations associated with it?
Usually indicates there are obstructions that wont allow you to safely land on that portion of the runway. On the runway, arrows and a thick white line will show you what part is unusable for landing. You may use that portion for taxi, takeoff, or landing roll outs.
How do you know if a runway is closed?
Yellow X on the runway
What are the airport beacon lights for a
Civilian land airport?
Military airport?
Water airport?
Civilian is white & green
Military is dual white and green
Water is white and yellow
What is expected for LAHSO
Land and hold short operations
You have to at least have your PPL and know if youre capable to land (personal minimums and aircraft performance) before indicated spot on runway safely.
you can decline LAHSO if it comprises safety or a student
What is the procedure for activating three step pilot controlled lighting?
You have to key the mic 7 times on specified frequency to turn lights on max intensity, to lower you key 5 for medium and 3 for low within 5 seconds of each other.
Who do you call when you see suspicious activity? Criminal activity?
Suspicious: 1-866-GA SECURE
Criminal: 911 & after 1-866-GA SECURE
Then let your airport/FBO/flight school know
When do the VFR sectionals/terminal area charts get updated?
Every 56 days
What is the minimum altitude to fly over a special conservation area?
2000ft over the surface
What type of cruising altitude should you be on if you’re above 3000 ft AGL on a magnetic course 0-179
Fly any odd thousand foot MSL altitude plus 500 feet
What type of cruising altitude should you be on if you’re above 3000 ft AGL on a magnetic course 180-360
Even thousand foot plos 500 ft
