Chapter 4 - The Energy of Life

Question 1

Active transport is different from simple diffusion because active transport

Answer 1

All answers are correct
Requires the use of proteins embedded within the cell membrane
Moves molecules from an area of lower concentration to an area of higher concentration
Moves molecules against a concentration gradient
Requires energy

Question 2

In most cases, the chemical structure of enzymes represents a(an)

Answer 2

protein

Question 3

The reactants of photosynthesis are

Answer 3

water and carbon dioxide

Question 4

Competitive inhibition of enzymes occurs

Answer 4

When a substance other than the correct substrate binds at the active site of an enzyme

Question 5

In the section “Investigating Life: Does Natural Selection Maintain Cystic Fibrosis?,” which infection did researchers hypothesize that the CFTR protected cystic fibrosis patients against?

Answer 5

Cholera

Question 6

Cells use energy for which of the following?

Answer 6

All answer choices are correct
To synthesize protein
To move substances across membrane
To expel waste
To do work

Question 7

The diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane is

Answer 7

Osmosis

Question 8

Enzymes speed chemical reactions by

Answer 8

Lowering the energy required to start a chemical reaction

Question 9

A ball at the top of a hill is an example of ______ and a ball rolling down the hill is an example of ______.

Answer 9

Potential energy and kinetic energy

Question 10

When NaCl (table salt) forms, sodium (Na) loses energy by ______ and chlorine (Cl) gains energy by ______.

Answer 10

giving up an electron in oxidation; gaining an electron in reduction

Question 11

The chemical formula for glucose is

Answer 11

C6H12O6

Question 12

The ______ binds to the ______ site on an enzyme. (video question)

Answer 12

Substrate; active

Question 13

An enzyme can only bind one reactant at a time. (True or False)

Answer 13

False

Question 14

An enzyme can only be used once. (True or False)

Answer 14

False

Question 15

Osmosis is best defined as the movement of

Answer 15

Water molecules across a membrane from an area of high water concentration to an area of lower water concentration

Question 16

Which of the following will pass through a cell membrane most easily?

Answer 16

Small nonpolar molecules

Question 17

A red blood cell placed in a hypertonic solution will

Answer 17

Shrink

Question 18

If a cell is placed in an isotonic solution, then water will move into and out of the cell at equal rates. (True or False)

Answer 18

True

Question 19

A 5% urea solution is hypotonic to a 10% urea solution.

Answer 19

True