Chapter 4- The Cell in Action Flashcards
What’s the definition of osmosis?
The diffusion of water through a semipermeable membrane.
What is diffusion?
The movement of particles form region of higher density to regions of lower density.
What’s the definition of passive transport?
The movement of substances across a cell membrane without the use of energy by the cell.
What’s the definition of active transport?
The movement of substances across the cell membrane that requires the cell to use energy.
What’s the definition of endocytosis?
The process by which a cell membrane surrounds a particle and encloses the particle in a vesicle to bring the particle into the cell.
What’s the definition of exocytosis?
The process in which a cell releases a particle by enclosing the particle in a vesicle that then moves to the cell surface and fuses with the cell membrane.
What’s the definition of photosynthesis?
The process by which plants, algae, and some bacteria use sunlight, carbon dioxide, and water to make food.
What’s the definition of cellular respiration?
The process by which cells use oxygen to produce energy from food.
What’s the definition of fermentation?
The breakdown of food without the use of oxygen?
What’s the definition of cell cycle?
The life cycle of a cell.
What’s the definition of chromosome?
In a eukaryotic cell, one of the structures in the nucleus that are made up of DNA and protein; in a prokaryotic cell, the main ring of DNA.
What’s the definition of homologous chromosomes?
Chromosomes that have the same sequence of genes and the same structure.
What’s the definition of mitosis?
In eukaryotic cells, a process of cell division that forms two new nuclei, each of which has the same number of chromosomes.
What’s the definition of cytokinesis?
The division of the cytoplasm of a cell.
