Chapter 4 Test ppt part 4

Question 1

Connects lower border of cricoid cartilage with upper border of first tracheal ring.

Answer 1

Cricotracheal Membrane

Question 2

Unpaired ligament

Midline ligament extending from anterior surface of epiglottis to the upper border of the body of the hyoid bone

Answer 2

Hyoepiglottic Ligament

Question 3

Connect the cartilages of the larynx and form the support structure for the cavity of the larynx and vocal folds
Help regulate direction and degree of movements
Made up of one sheet of connective tissue (elastic membrane)
Continuous sheet that lines the entire larynx (except at vocal & ventricular ligaments)

Answer 3

Intrinsic Ligaments of the larynx

Question 4

Can also be called hyothyroid
Found between hyoid bone and superior border of thyroid cartilage
Membrane thickens medially and laterally
Medial thyrohyoid ligament
Lateral thyrohyoid ligament
Triticial cartilage is embedded in lateral hyothyroid ligament

Answer 4

Thyrohyoid Membrane & Ligament

Question 5

Thinner ligament at midline
Origin: from superior border of cricoid cartilage/vocal ligaments
Insertion: Run from vocal processes of arytenoids to angle of thyroid cartilage
The conus elasticus extends from superior border of the arch and lamina of cricoid cartilage to the upper limits of the vocal folds (vocal ligament)

Answer 5

Conus Elasticus–Lateral Cricothyroid Membranes

Question 6

Consists of:
Quadrangular Membranes (upper portion)
Conus Elasticus (lower portion)
Aryepiglottic Folds

Answer 6

Intrinsic Ligaments

Question 7

Connects thyroid, cricoid, and arytenoid cartilages with one another
Divided into a medial/ anterior cricothyroid ligament, and two lateral cricothyroid membranes.

Answer 7

Conus Elasticus (lower portion) (Cricovocal )

Question 8

Band of yellow elastic tissue

Runs from midline of superior border of cricoid arch to inferior border of thyroid cartilage.

Answer 8

Conus Elasticus–Medial Cricothyroid Ligament

Question 9

Laryngeal Vestibule
Laryngeal Ventricle
Inferior Laryngeal Ventricle

Answer 9

3 Divisions of the Laryngeal Cavity:

Question 10

Laryngeal cavities are lined with mucous membrane from trachea up
The cells are columnar in shape and have cilia which beat towards the pharynx except at margins of vocal folds
The ciliated tissue is replaced by squamous epithelial tissue at vocal folds
Vocal fold tissue is multi-layered and tightly bound
White because of lack of vascular supply
Ventricular folds are pink and plump
Made of thick folds of mucous membrane

Answer 10

Mucous Membranes

Question 11

Forms at the superior margins of quadrangular membranes
The aryepiglottic completely seal off the spaces in the laryngeal structure
Directs the airstream into the aditus and upward into the resonatory passageways

Answer 11

Aryepiglottic Folds

Question 12

Paired
ORIGIN: Arises from lateral margins of epiglottis and adjacent thyroid cartilage near the angle
INSERTION: the corniculate cartilages and medial surfaces of arytenoids
Inferiorly the fibers thicken and become the ventricular ligament

Answer 12

Quadrangular Membrane

Question 13

Space between vocal folds and ventricular folds
Superior limits = ventricular folds
Inferior limits = vocal folds
Anterior wall = none
Posterior wall = arytenoid
Lateral walls = inner wall of thyroarytenoid muscle

Answer 13

Laryngeal Ventricle

Question 14

Portion below the true folds
Extends through to the trachea 
Anterior walls = cricothyroid ligament 
Lateral walls = cricoid cartilage 
Posterior walls = cricoid cartilage

Answer 14

Inferior Laryngeal Ventricle

Question 15

Area in larynx above ventricular folds 
Opening is called aditus 
Anterior wall = epiglottis 
Lateral walls = aryepiglottic folds 
Posterior wall = upper parts of arytenoid cartilages 
Inferior limits = ventricular folds

Answer 15

Laryngeal Vestibule

Question 16

is a ring like muscle which closes an orifice or passage

Answer 16

Sphincter

Question 17

Aryepiglottic Sphincter
Ventricular Sphincter
True Vocal Fold Sphincter

Answer 17

Sphincters of the larynx

Question 18

Found between laryngeal vestibule and laryngeal ventricle
During normal phonation, ventricular folds remain in quiet, open position
When the ventricular muscles contract, they meet at midline, closing or sealing the sphincter
True vocal folds will always adduct first!
Increases subglottic pressure by adding another “door” to keep air in lungs and foreign objects out.

Answer 18

Ventricular Sphincter

Question 19

Third door of closure
Not effective in preventing outflow of air during effort closure
Third line of defense in keeping foreign objects out of lungs
May close independently of other two sphincters
All three sphincters close during swallowing

Answer 19

True Vocal Fold Sphincter

Question 20

Muscle fibers embedded in aryepiglottic folds surrounding a pear shaped opening (aditus) into laryngeal cavity
First line of defense against foreign objects
Closes during swallowing and vomiting
Prevents food/liquid from entering respiratory tract
Opening is called upper sphincter of larynx.

Answer 20

Aryepiglottic Sphincter