Chapter 4 - Sound Recording and Popular Music Flashcards
Audiotape
lightweight magnetized strands of ribbon that make possible sounds editing and multiple-track mixing; instrumentals or vocals can be recorded at one location and later mixed onto a master recording in another studio.
Stereo
The recording of two separate channels or tracks of sound
Analog Recording
A recording that is made from the fluctuations of the original sound waves and storing those signals on records or cassettes as a continuous stream of magnetism -analogous to the actual sound.
Digital Recording
Music recorded and played back by laserbeam rather than by needle or magnetic tape.
Compact Discs (CDs)
Playback-only storage discs for music that incorporate pure and very precise digital techniques, thus elliminating noise during recording and editing sessions.
MP3
Short for MPEG-1 Layer 3, and advanced type of audio compression that reduces file size, enabling auto to be easily distributed over the Internet and to be digitally transmitted in real time.
Pop Music
Popular music that appeals to a wide cross-section of the public or to sizable subdivisions within the larger public based on age, region, or ethnic background; the word pop has also been used as a label to distinguish popular music from classical music.
Jazz
And improvisational and mostly instrumental musical form that absorbs and integrates diverse body of musical styles , including African rhythms, blues, big band, and gospel.
Cover Music
Songs recorded or performed by musicians who did not originally write or perform the music; in the 1950s, some white producers and artists capitalized on popular songs by black artists by “covering” them.
Rock and Roll
Music that mixes the African-American influences of urban blues, gospel, and R&B with the white influences of country, folk, and pop vocals.
Blues
Originally a kind of black folk music, this music emerged as a distinct category in the 1900s; it was influenced by African-American spirituals, ballads, and work songs in the rural south, and by urban guitar and vocal solos from the 1930s and 1940s.
Rhythm and Blues (R&B)
Music that merges urban blues with big-band sounds.
Rockability
Music that mixes bluegrass and country influences with those of black folk music and early amplified blues.
Soul
Music that mixes gospel, blues, and urban and southern black styles with slower, more emotional, and melancholic lyrics.
Folk Music
Music performed by untrained musicians and passed down through oral traditions; it encompasses a wide range of music, from Appalachian fiddle tunes to an accordion-led zydeco of Louisiana
Folk-Rock
Amplified folk music, often featuring politically overt lyrics; influenced by rock and roll.
Punk Rock
Rock music the challenges the orthodoxy and commercialism of the recording business; it is characterized by loud, unpolished qualities, a jackhammer beat, primal vocal screams, crude aggression, and defiant or comic lyrics.
Grunge
Rock music that takes the spirit of punk and infuses it with more attention to melody.
Alternative Rock
Nonmainstream rock music, which includes many types of experimental music and some forms of punk and grunge.
Hip-Hop
Music the combines spoken street dialect with cuts (or samples) from older records and bears the influences of social politics, male boasting, and comic lyrics carried forward from blues, R&B, soul, and rock and roll.
Gangster Rap
A style of rap music that depicts the hardships of urban life and sometimes glorifies the violent style of street gangs.
Oligopoly
In media economics, an organizational structure in which few firms control most of an industry’s production and distribution resources.
Indies
Independent music and film production houses that work outside industry oligopolies; they often produce less mainstream music and film.
A&R (Artist & Repertoire) Agents
Talent scouts of the music business who discover, develop, and sometimes manage performers.
Online Piracy
The illegal uploading, downloading, or streaming of copyrighted material, such as music or movies.
