Chapter 4 - Society And Social Interaction Flashcards
Achieved Status
The status a person chooses, such as a level of education or income.
Agricultural Societies
Societies that rely on farming as a way of life.
Alienation
An individual’ s isolation from his society, his work, and his sense of self
Anomie
A situation in which society no longer has the support of a firm collective consciousness.
Ascribed Status
The status outside of an individual’s control, such as sex or race.
Bourgeoisie
The owners of the means of production in a society.
Capitalism
A way of organizing an economy so that the things that are used to make and transport products (such as land, oil, factories, ships, etc.) are owned by individual people and companies rather than by the government.
Class Consciousness
The awareness of one’s rank in society.
Collective Consciousness
The communal beliefs and attitudes of a society
Falls Consciousness
A person’s beliefs and ideology that are in conflict with her best interests.
Feudal Societies
Societies that operate on a strict hierarchical system of power based around land ownership and protection.
Habitualization
The idea that society is constructed by us and those before us, and it is followed like a habit.
Horticultural Societies
Societies based around the cultivation of plants.
Hunter-Gatherer Societies
Societies that depends on hunting wild animals and gather uncultivated plants for survival.
Industrial Societies
Societies characters by a reliance on mechanized labor to create material goods.
Information Societies
Societies based on the production of nonmaterial goods and services
Institutionalizations
The act of implanting a convention or norm into society.
Iron Cage
A situation in which an individual is trapped by social institutions.
Looking-Glass self
Our reflection of how we think we appear to others.
Mechanical Solidarity
A type of social order maintained by the collective consciousness of a culture.
Organic Solidarity
A type of social order based around an acceptance of economic and social differences.
Pastoral Societies
Societies based around the domestication of animals
Proletariat
The laborers in a society.
Rationalization
A belief that modern society should be built around logic and efficiency rather than morality or tradition.
Role Conflict
A situation when one or more of an individual’s roles clash.
Role Performance
The expression of a role
Role Strain
Stress that occurs when too much is required of a single role
Role-Set
An array of roles attached to a particular status.
Self-fulfilling prophecy
An idea that becomes true when acted upon.
Social Integration
How strongly a person is connected to his or her social group.
Society
A group of people who live in a definable community and share the same culture.
Status
The responsibilities and benefits that a person experiences according to his or her rank and role in society
Thomas theorem
How a subjective reality can drive events to develop in accordance with that reality, despite being originally unsupported by objective reality.
