Chapter 4 - Society And Social Interaction

Question 1

Achieved Status

Answer 1

The status a person chooses, such as a level of education or income.

Question 2

Agricultural Societies

Answer 2

Societies that rely on farming as a way of life.

Question 3

Alienation

Answer 3

An individual’ s isolation from his society, his work, and his sense of self

Question 4

Anomie

Answer 4

A situation in which society no longer has the support of a firm collective consciousness.

Question 5

Ascribed Status

Answer 5

The status outside of an individual’s control, such as sex or race.

Question 6

Bourgeoisie

Answer 6

The owners of the means of production in a society.

Question 7

Capitalism

Answer 7

A way of organizing an economy so that the things that are used to make and transport products (such as land, oil, factories, ships, etc.) are owned by individual people and companies rather than by the government.

Question 8

Class Consciousness

Answer 8

The awareness of one’s rank in society.

Question 9

Collective Consciousness

Answer 9

The communal beliefs and attitudes of a society

Question 10

Falls Consciousness

Answer 10

A person’s beliefs and ideology that are in conflict with her best interests.

Question 11

Feudal Societies

Answer 11

Societies that operate on a strict hierarchical system of power based around land ownership and protection.

Question 12

Habitualization

Answer 12

The idea that society is constructed by us and those before us, and it is followed like a habit.

Question 13

Horticultural Societies

Answer 13

Societies based around the cultivation of plants.

Question 14

Hunter-Gatherer Societies

Answer 14

Societies that depends on hunting wild animals and gather uncultivated plants for survival.

Question 15

Industrial Societies

Answer 15

Societies characters by a reliance on mechanized labor to create material goods.

Question 16

Information Societies

Answer 16

Societies based on the production of nonmaterial goods and services

Question 17

Institutionalizations

Answer 17

The act of implanting a convention or norm into society.

Question 18

Iron Cage

Answer 18

A situation in which an individual is trapped by social institutions.

Question 19

Looking-Glass self

Answer 19

Our reflection of how we think we appear to others.

Question 20

Mechanical Solidarity

Answer 20

A type of social order maintained by the collective consciousness of a culture.

Question 21

Organic Solidarity

Answer 21

A type of social order based around an acceptance of economic and social differences.

Question 22

Pastoral Societies

Answer 22

Societies based around the domestication of animals

Question 23

Proletariat

Answer 23

The laborers in a society.

Question 24

Rationalization

Answer 24

A belief that modern society should be built around logic and efficiency rather than morality or tradition.

Question 25

Role Conflict

Answer 25

A situation when one or more of an individual’s roles clash.

Question 26

Role Performance

Answer 26

The expression of a role

Question 27

Role Strain

Answer 27

Stress that occurs when too much is required of a single role

Question 28

Role-Set

Answer 28

An array of roles attached to a particular status.

Question 29

Self-fulfilling prophecy

Answer 29

An idea that becomes true when acted upon.

Question 30

Social Integration

Answer 30

How strongly a person is connected to his or her social group.

Question 31

Society

Answer 31

A group of people who live in a definable community and share the same culture.

Question 32

Status

Answer 32

The responsibilities and benefits that a person experiences according to his or her rank and role in society

Question 33

Thomas theorem

Answer 33

How a subjective reality can drive events to develop in accordance with that reality, despite being originally unsupported by objective reality.