Chapter 4 - Society Flashcards
Alienation
The experience of isolation and misery resulting from powerlessness.
Anomie
A condition in which society provides little moral guidance to individuals.
Capitalists
people who own and operate factories and other businesses in pursuit of profits.
Class conflict
conflict between entire classes over the distribution of a society’s wealth and power.
Class consciousness
workers’ recognition of themselves as a class unified in opposition to capitalists and ultimately to capitalism itself.
Division of labour
Specialized economic activity
False consciousness
explanations of social problems as the short comings of individuals rather than as the flaws of society.
Horticulture
the use of hand tools to raise crops.
Hunting and gathering
the use of simple tools to hunt animals and gather vegetation.
Ideal type
an abstract statement of the essential characteristics of any social phenomenon.
Industrialism
The production of goods using advanced sources of energy to drive large machinery.
Mechanical solidarity
Social bonds, based on common sentiments and shared moral values, that are strong among members of pre-industrial societies.
Organic solidarity
Social bonds, based on specialization and interdependence, that are strong among members of industrial societies.
Pastroalism
the domestication of animals.
Post-industrialism
Technology that supports an information based economy.
