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U.S. History > Chapter 4 Section 1 & 2 > Flashcards

Chapter 4 Section 1 & 2 Flashcards

1
Q

What was the puritans main practice

A

The Puritans’ main practices are the importance of an individual’s relationship with God

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2
Q

What common bonds did all puritans have?

A

Family, community, and religion

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3
Q

English Reformation

A

Reform effort initiated by King Henry VIII that included banning the Catholic Church and declaring the English monarch head of the new
Church of England but little change in doctrine

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4
Q

1558

A

Queen Elizabeth I becomes queen

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5
Q

Who was Queen Elizabeth I successor?

A

King James I

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6
Q

What was James well-known for?

A

He was known for his translation of the bible or the King James Version

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7
Q

What was one thing that James and his son Charles had in common?

A

They both accepted Puritan reformers

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8
Q

1629

A

Charles dissolved parliament

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9
Q

Separatists

A

People who sought withdrawal from the Church of England. aka The Pilgrims

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10
Q

August 1620

A

102 pilgrims arrived after 11 weeks in the Mayflower to present day Massachusetts

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11
Q

What did the pilgrims do once they arrived to Massachusetts?

A

They signed the Mayflower compact

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12
Q

Who was the governor of the pilgrims?

A

William Bradford

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13
Q

What was the name of the Indian tribe and chieftain that befriended the pilgrims?

A

The Wampanoag tribe and Massasoit

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14
Q

What did the Wampanoag tribe teach the pilgrims?

A

They taught them how to harvest enough crops to guarantee survival during the winter

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15
Q

How long was Henry VIII’s reign?

A

1509-1547

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16
Q

Puritans

A

Dissenters from the Church of England who wanted a genuine Reformation rather than the partial Reformation sought by Henry VIII.

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16
Q

Fall of 1621

A

The feast of thanksgiving

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17
Q

1629 (Puritans)

A

A group of puritans obtained a charter to the Massachusetts Bay colony

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18
Q

1630

A

Plymouth became an established settlement

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19
Q

March 1630

A

11 ships with 700 passengers sailed for Massachusetts

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20
Q

Who was the governor of the Massachusetts Bay Colony?

A

John Winthrop

21
Q

What did Winthrop aspire to do?

A

Reform the Church of England

22
Q

Where did Winthrop first settle

A

Boston

23
Q

What is the nickname given to Boston

A

The city upon the hill

24
Q

What was significant about the second wave of immigrants that were going to Massachusetts?

A

They arrived as families

25
Q

What was significant about where the New England colonists settled?

A

It was on the coast or by a river

26
Q

What religion still had a strong influence on New Englanders?

A

Puritanism

27
Q

Calvinism

A

Christian doctrine of Swiss Protestant theologian John Calvin

28
Q

Predestination

A

Doctrine stating that God determined whether individuals were destined for salvation or damnation before their birth. Main Calvinist belief

29
Q

Visible saints

A

Puritans who had passed the tests of conversion and church membership and were therefore thought to be among God’s elect.

30
Q

What was significant about the churches of New England?

A

The churches played no direct role in the civil government

31
Q

What English practices did the puritans think were corrupt?

A

They did not practice Easter or Christmas because the bible mentioned neither

32
Q

Who were the freemen

A

They were the stockholders of the Massachusetts Bay Colony

33
Q

What did the General Court do in 1631?

A

They expanded the amount of freemen and made it all church members male

34
Q

What did the freemen agree to do in 1634?

A

They agreed to send two deputies to the General Court to act as the colony’s legislative assembly.

35
Q

What advantage did men have in the town meetings

A

Almost every adult man could speak out and vote in town meetings, but all women even church members were prohibited from voting.

36
Q

What was significant about the layout of New England towns?

A

They encouraged settlers to look inward toward their neighbors

37
Q

Who were Anne Hutchinson and Roger Williams?

A

They were the founders of Rhode Island. They were both banished by John Winthrop

38
Q

Antinomians

A

Individuals who believed that Christians could be saved by faith alone and did not need to act in accordance with God’s law

39
Q

1638

A

Boston formally excommunicated Anne Hutchinson

40
Q

Thomas Hooker

A

Minister that believed that believed men and women who lived
godly lives should be admitted to church membership even if they had not experienced conversion

41
Q

1636

A

Hooker led an exodus of 800 colonists from Massachusetts to Connecticut River valley

42
Q

1639

A

Towns adopted Fundamental Orders of Connecticut, a quasi-constitution that could be altered by the vote of freemen, who did not have to be church members

43
Q

Puritan Revolution

A

English civil war that arose out of disputes between King Charles I and Parliament, which was dominated by Puritans. The conflict began in 1642 and ended with the execution of Charles I in 1649, resulting in Puritan rule in England until 1660.

44
Q

What was the most important export for New England

A

Fish🐟

45
Q

Why did the population double even though immigration was a t a stand still?

A

Because everyone married and women had 8 or 9 children

46
Q

Halfway covenant

A

A Puritan compromise established in Massachusetts in 1662 that allowed the unconverted children of the “visible saints” to become
“halfway” members of the church and baptize their own children even though they were not full members of the church themselves.

47
Q

Quakers

A

Epithet for members of the Society of Friends. Their belief that God spoke directly to each individual through an “inner light” and that neither ministers nor the Bible was essential to discovering God’s Word
put them in conflict with orthodox Puritans.

48
Q

What would happen to the Quakers that refused to leave Massachusetts?

A

They would get hung

49
Q

Where did most accusations of witchcraft occur?

A

More than 95 percent of all legal accusations of witchcraft occurred in New England

50
Q

Who was accused the most,of being a witch

A

Older women

51
Q

How many witches were hung in Salem, Massachusetts?

A

19

U.S. History (4 decks)

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