Chapter 4 Quiz 2 Terms Flashcards
A set of people who interact on a backs of shared expectations and who possess some degree of common identity
Group
The way society uses technology to provide for the needs of its members
Substance strategies
Food production which is carried out through the use of a human and animal labor is the main economic activity
Preindustrial society
Daily collection of wild plants and the hunting wild animals
Hunting and gathering
Rely on domesticated herd of animals to meet their foods
Pastoral society
Specialization by individuals or groups in the performance of specific economic activities
Division of labor
Fruits and vegetables grown in a garden plots that have been cleared form the jungle or forest provide the main source of food
Horticulture society
Animals are used to pull plows to till he fields
Agriculture
The exchange of food service
Barter
The emphasis shifts from the production of food to the production of manufactured goods
Industrial society
The concentration of the population in cities
Urbanization
When much of the economy is involved in providing information and service
Post industrial society
What preindustrial societies are held together
Mechanical solidarity
Impersonal social relationships that arise with increase specialization in which individuals can no longer provide for all their own needs
Organic solidarity
Smallest group possible, a group with two members
Dyad
Three person group
Triad
One with few enough members that everyone is able to interact on a face to face basis
Small group
Structure goals and activities of the group are clearly defined
Formal group
No official structure or established rules of conduct
Informal groups
Small group of people who interact over a relatively long period of time on a direct or personal basis
Primary group
A group in which interaction is impersonal and temporary nature
Secondary group
With whom individuals identified and whose attitudes and values they adopt
Reference group
The web of relationships that is formed by the sum total of a person interaction with other people
Social network
Ranked authority structure that operates according to specific rules and procedures
Bureaucracy
Involves subjecting every feature of a human behavior to calculation measurement and control
Rationality
When people use their position should promote their own interest over the organization
Iron law of oligarchy
