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Behavioral Neuroscience Psychology > Chapter 4: Psychopharmacology > Flashcards

Chapter 4: Psychopharmacology Flashcards

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0
Q

Neuromodulators

A

A chemical messenger that communicates with target cells more distant than the synapse by diffusing away from the point of release

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1
Q

Neurotransmitter (NT)

A

A chemical messenger that communicates across a synapse

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2
Q

Neurophormones

A

A chemical messenger that communicates with target cells at great distance, often by traveling through the circulation

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3
Q

Cholinergic

A

Nerve cells or fibers that employ acetylcholine as their NT

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4
Q

Acetylcholinesterase (AChE)

A

An enzyme that breaks down the neurotransmitter acetylcholine

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5
Q

Monoamines

A

One of a major group of biogenic amine neurotransmitters, including dopamine, neropinephrine, epinephrine, and serotonin

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6
Q

Catecholamines

A

A member of a group of related bogenic amines that includes dopamine, epinephrine, and norepinephrine

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7
Q

Indolamines

A

One of a subgroup of monoamines, including serotonin and melatonin

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8
Q

Amino Acids

A

An essential component of proteins

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9
Q

Neuropeptides

A

A peptide that acts as a NT, a neuromadulator, or a neurohormone

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10
Q

Gaseous Neurotransmitters

A

Gaseous molecules that diffuse through membranes without needing vesicles or a release mechanism and act on receptors located within cells rather than on receptors. Examples are NO (Nitric Oxide which is in charge of blood pressure and penile erection)

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11
Q

Lipid Neurotransmitters

A

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12
Q

Agonist

A

Substance that promotes the activity of a NT

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13
Q

Antagonist

A

Substance that reduces the action of a NT

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14
Q

Placebo Effect

A

Perceived benefit from inactive substances or procedures

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15
Q

Tolerance

A

The process in which more of a drug is needed to produce the same effect

16
Q

Withdrawal

A

The symptoms that occur when certain addictive drugs are no longer administered or are administered in smaller quantities

17
Q

Addiction

A

A compulsive craving for drug effects or other experience

18
Q

Nucleus Accumbens

A

A dopaminergic structure believed to participate in reward and addiction

19
Q

Mesolimbic Dopamine Pathway

A

Pathway where dopamine is carried from one part of the brain to the other

Behavioral Neuroscience Psychology (5 decks)

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