Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

ED-D 418 > Chapter 4- Psychoanalysis > Flashcards

Chapter 4- Psychoanalysis Flashcards

1
Q

According to Freud, what is our behaviour determined by?

A

irrational forces, unconscious motivations and biological and instinctual drives that evolve through key psychosexual stages in the first 6 years of life.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

The __ is the biological component of personality.

A

Id

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

The ___ is the psychological component of personality.

A

ego

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

The ___ is the social component of personality.

A

superego

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is the original system of personality?

A

The id- at birth, a person is all id. The id is the primary source of psychic energy and the seat of the instincts. It lacks organization and is blind, demanding and insistent.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is the id ruled by?

A

The pleasure principle- which is aimed at reducing tension, avoiding pain and gaining pleasure. The id is illogical, amoral and driven to satisfy instinctual needs.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Does the id matures?

A

Never. it remains the spoiled brat of personality. It does not think, but only wishes or acts.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

The ___ has contact with the external world of reality. It is the executive that governs, controls and regulated the personality. It mediates b.w the insticts and surrounding enviro.

A

ego

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the ego rules by?

A

The reality principle. The ego does realistic and logical thinking and formulates plans of action for satisfying needs.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the relation of the ego to the id?

A

The ego as the seat of intelligence and rationality, checks and controls the blind impulses of the id. Where the id knows only subjective reality, the ego distinguishes between mental images and things in the external world.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

the ___ is the judicial branch of personality.

A

superego

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What does the superego include?

A

a person’s moral code, the main concern being whether an action is good or bad, right or wrong. It represents the ideal rather than the real and strives not for pleasure but for perfection.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

clinical evidence for postulating the unconscious includes… (6)

A
  1. dreams- symbollic representations of unconscious needs, wishes and conflicts
  2. sips of tongue
  3. posthypnotic suggestions
  4. material derived from free-association
  5. prjective techniques material
  6. the symbolic content of psychotic symptoms
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What does the unconscious store?

A

all experiences, memories and repressed material. needs and motivations that are inaccessible are also unconscious.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the aim of psychoanalytic therapy?

A

to make the unconscious motives conscious, for only then can an individual exercise choice.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is a ‘cure’ for psychoanal?

A

it is based on uncovering the meaning of symptoms, the causes of behaviour and the repressed materials that interfere with healthy functioning.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Feeling of dread that results from repressed feelings, memories, desires and experience that emerge to the surface of awareness.

A

Anxiety

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

How can anxiety be considered?

A

As a state of tension that motivates us to do something. It develops out of a conflict among the id, ego and superego over control of the available psychic energy. Its function is to warn of impending danger.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What are the 3 kids of anxietY?

A
  1. reality anxiety
  2. neurotic anxiety
  3. moral anxiety
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

_____ is the fear of danger from the external world, and the level of such anxiety is proprtinate to the degree of real threat.

A

Reality anxiety

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

______ is the fear that the instincts will get out of hand and cause one to do something for which one will be punished.

A

Neurotic anxiety.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

_____ is the fear of one’s own conscience.

A

Moral anxiety

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

________ help the ind. cope with anxiety and prevent the ego from being overwhelmed.

A

Ego-defense mechanisms.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What is the difference between the psychosexual stages and the psychosocial stages?

A

sex- is the Freudian chronological phases of dev beginning in infancy.
social- Erickson’s stages

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

What happens when a child’s needs are not met in one of freud’s stages of development?

A

An ind. may become fixated at that stage and behave in psycho immature ways later in in life

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

What does Erikson’s theory of dev hold?

A

he build in freud’s ideas and extends the theory by stressing the psychosocial aspects of development beyond early childhood. His theory of dev. holds that psychosexual growth and psychosocial growth take place together and at each stage of life we face the task of establishing equilibrium between ourselves and our social world.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

According to Erikson, a _____ is equivalent to a turning point in life when we have the potential to move forward or to regress.

A

crisis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

What is classical psychoanalysis grounded on?

A

on id psychology and it holds that instincts and intrapsychic are the basic factors shaping personality development.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

What is contemporary psychoanalysis tends to be based on…?

A

tends to be based on ego psych, which does not deny the role of intrapsychic conflicts but emphasizes the striving of the ego for mastery and competence throughout the human life span.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

What are 2 goals of freudian psychoanalytic therapy?

A
  1. to make the unconscious conscious
  2. to strengthen the ego so that behaviour is based more on reality and less on instinctual cravings or irrational guilt.
    * Successful analysis is believed to result in significant modification of the individual’s personality and character structure.
31
Q

Analysts typically assume an anonymous stance, which is sometimes called _____

A

the blank-screen approach. they engage in very little self-disclosure and maintain a sense of neutrality to foster a transference relationship in which their clients will make projections onto them.

32
Q

What is the transference relationship in psychoanalysis?

A

It is the transfer of feelings originally experienced in an early rs to other important ppl in a person’s present enviro.

33
Q

ppl lie on a coach and say whatever comes to mind without self-censorship.

A

free-association: the fundamental rule.`

34
Q

_____ is the client’s unconscious shifting to the analyst of feeling and fantasies that are reactions to significant others in the client’s past.

A

Transference

35
Q

The ______ of psychoanalysis regards transference as being an interactive process between the client and the therapist. can resolve unfinished business from past rs.

A

the relational model

36
Q

The ____ process consists of an exploration of unconscious material and deferences, most of which originated in early childhood. It is achieved by repeating interpretations and by exploring forms of resistance. It results in a resolution of old patters and allows clients to make new choices.

A

Working-through process

37
Q

_____ is the therapist’s reactions to clients that are based on their unresolved conflicts

A

countertransference

38
Q

_________ refers to a whole range or procedural and stylistic factors, such as the analyst’s relative annonymity, the regularity and consistency of meetings, and starting and ending the sessions on time.

A

Maintaining the analytic framework

39
Q

What is free association used for?

A

it is used to open the doors to unsconscious wishes, fantasies conflicts and motivations. often leads to some recollection of past experiences and sometimes a release of intense feelings (catharsis) that have been blocked

40
Q

_____ consists of the analyst’s pointing out, explaining and even teaching the client the meanings of behaviour that is manifested in dreams, free association, resistaces and therapeutic rs itself. its function is to enable the ego to assimilate new material and to speed up the process of uncovering further unconscious material.

A

interpretation

41
Q

When should interpretation be presented?

A

When the phenomenon to be interpreted is close to conscious awareness.
It must be well time- the client will reject ones that are inappropriately timed. The analysis should only interpret material that the client hasn’t seen for oneself- but is capable of tolerating and incorporating.

42
Q

______ is an imp. procedure for uncovering unconscious material and giving the client insight into some areas of unresolved problems. During sleep sleep, defenses are lowered and repressed feelings surface.

A

Dream analysis- 2 levels of content: latent and manifest

43
Q

____ content of dreams consist of hidden, symbolic and unconscious motives, wishes and fears. They are very painful and threatening.

A

Latent content

44
Q

Unconscious sexual and aggressive impulses are transformed intothe more acceptable ____ content which is the dream as it appears to the dreamer

A

manifest content

45
Q

the process by which the latent content of a dream is transformed into the less threatening manifest cntent is called ____

A

dream work

46
Q

How does the therapist find out about their client’s dreams?

A

through asking the clients to free associate some aspect of the manifest content of a dream for the purpose of uncovering the latent meaning

47
Q

_____ is anything that works against the progress of therapy and prevents the client from producing previously unconscious material

A

resistance

48
Q

Specifically, what is resistance?

A

Is the client’s reluctance to bring to the surface of awareness unconscious material that has been repressed. Gets in the way of change.

49
Q

Does the therapist notice resistance?

A

Yes- they point it out so the client must confront it if they hope to deal with conflicts realistically.

50
Q

Why is the analysis of transference a central technique in psychoanalysis?

A

B/c it allows clients to achieve here-and-now insight into the influence of the past on their present functioning

51
Q

How does group therapy work for PA?

A

it can re-create early like situations that continue to affect the client. groups can provide a dynamic understanding of how ppl function in out-of-group situations. projections onto the leader and onto other members are valuable clues to unresolved conflicts within the person that can be identified, explored and worked through in the group.

52
Q

Jung’s ______ is an elaborate explanation of human nature that combines ideas from history, mythology, anthr and religion.

A

analytical psychology. according to jung our present personality is shaped both by who and what we have been and what we aspire to be in the future. his theory is based on the assumption that humans tend to move toward the fulfillment or realization of all their capabilities.

53
Q

Achieving _____ - the harmonious integration of the conscious and unconscious aspects of personality is an innate and primary goal according to jung

A

individuation

54
Q

For Jung, we have both constructive and destructive forces, and to become integrated, it is essential to accept our dark side ____ with its primitive impulses such as selfishness and greed.

A

shadow. It does not mean to be dominated by it, but to accept that it is there.

55
Q

Jung refered to the ___________ as “the deepest level of the psyche containing the accumulation of inherited experiences of human and prehumen species” he saw a connection b.w each person’s personality and the past.

A

collective unconscious

56
Q

The images of universal experiences contained in the collective unconscious are called _____. what are the 3 most important?

A

archetypes.

  1. persona
  2. anima
  3. animous
57
Q

The ___ archetype is a mask, or public face that we wear to protect ourselves

A

persona

58
Q

The ____ archetypes represent both the bio and psyc aspects of masculinity and feminity, which at thought to coexsist in both sexes

A

animus and anima

59
Q

The ___has the deepest roots and is the most dangerous and powerful of the archetypes

A

shadow

60
Q

What 2 functions did Jung say dreams had?

A
  1. they are prospective- they help ppl prepare themselves for the experiences and events they anticipate in the near future
  2. compensatory function- working to bring about a balance b.w opposites within the person.
    he saw them as an attempt to express rather than repress and disguise
61
Q

____ with its stress on psychosocial devopment throughout the lifespan, was developed largely by Erikson. Anna Freud was a central character of this too

A

ego psychology

62
Q

______ theory is a form of analytic treatment that involves exploration of internal unconscious identifications and internalizations of external objects (aspects of sig. other ppl)

A

Object-relations theory

63
Q

______ are interpersonal relationships as they are represented intrapsychically.

A

object relations. the term object was used by Freud to refer to that which satisfies a need, or to the sig. person or thing that is the object, or target on one’s feelings or drives. it is used interchangeably with the term other, to refer to an important person to whom the child and later te adult becomes attached

64
Q

________ which grew out of the work of Heinz Kohut, emphasizes how we use interpersonal rs (self objects) to develop our own sense of self.

A

self- psychology

65
Q

Perhaps the most important single difference b.w contemporary and classical PA is…

A

the reconceptualization of the nature of the analytic rs itself. most contemporary approaches to analysis are based on the exploration of the complex conscious and unconscious dynamics at play with respect to both therapist and client

66
Q

The ____ model is based on the assumption that therapy is an interactive process between client and therapist.

A

the relational model. at the beginning of PA theory, the rs was very authoritarian, where now it is much more egalitarian

67
Q

Margaret Mahler, a central influencer of ontemporary object-relations theory had 3 stages. what are they?

A

Normal infantile autism- first 3-4wks of life where the infant is presumed to be responding more to states of physiological tension than to psyc process

  1. symbiosis- 3rdmonth to 8th month where the infant as a pronounced dependence on the mother.
  2. separation-individuation process- 4th to 5th month- the child moves away from symbiotic forms of relating. the child experiences separation from sig others yet still turns to them for confirmation and comfort. it has a subphase at the 36th month where there is a move toward constancy of self and object. the child can now relate without being afraid of losing their sense of individuality,
68
Q

Children who do not experience the opportunity to differentiate, and those who lack the opportunity to idealize others while also taking pride in themselves may suffer from _______ personality

A

narcisstic personality

69
Q

______ is characterized by a grandiose and exaggerated sense of self-importance and an exploitive attitude toward others, which serve the function of masking a frail self-concept

A

the narcisstic personality

70
Q

People with a ____________ have moved into the separation process but have been thwarted by parental rejection of their individuation. A crisis ensues when the child does not develop beyond the stage of symbiosis, but the parents are unable to tolerate the beginning ondividuation and withdraw emotional support

A

borderline PD

71
Q

Messer and Warren describe ______ therapy to shorten the time. This adaption applies the principles of psychodynamic theory and therapy to treating selective disorders within a pre-established time limit o 10-25 sessions. It makes use of key concepts such as psychosexualm psychosocial and object relational stages of devl etc.

A

Brief psychodynamic therapy (BPT)

72
Q

What are some criticisms of PA therapy?

A

failing to adequately address the social, cultural and political factors that result in an ind’s problems. also not great for ppl with low income as they are likely dealing with a crisis situations and looking to find answers for concrete problems.

73
Q

Linehan’s ______ therapy is an eclectic approach that avoids mother bashing while accepting the notion that the borderline client experienced a childhood enviro that was invalidating

A

dialectical behaviour therapy DBT

ED-D 418 (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions