Chapter 4- Physical Behavior Of Matter Flashcards
(29 cards)
What are the properties of a liquid?
No Definition shape definite volume
What are the properties of a gas?
No definite shape or volume
What is kinetic energy directly related with?
Temperature
What is another name for fusion and what type of energy is it?
Melting and potential energy
What is another word for boiling?
Vaporization
What is the reverse of boiling?
Condensation
What is the reverse of melting and what is another word that can be used?
Freezing or solidification
What is the definition of the process sublimation?
When a solid changes directly into a gas
What is the definition of the process deposition
When a gas changes directly into a solid
What is the definition of temperature
The measure of the average kinetic energy of its particles
What does the average kinetic energy depend on?
It depends on only temperature not nature or amount of the material
How does heat flow
From a higher temperature to a lower temperature
What is the equation use to find Kelvin or Celsius?
K= C +273
What is the definition of heat of fusion and equation used to determine it
Heat of fusion is the amount of heat needed to convert our unit mass of a substance from solid to liquid at it’s melting point
Q= mC(delta)T
What does each letter in the equation for heat of fusion mean
Q=heat in joules
M= mass of the substance
C= specific heat capacity of substance
(Delta)T= temperature initial minus temperature final
What is the definition of heat of vaporization
The amount of heat needed to convert a unit mass of a substance from its liquid phase to its vapor phase at constant temperature
What are the major ideas of kinetic molecular theory
- Gases contain particles
- gas particles collide with each other and with the loss of the container these collisions may result in a transfer of energy but no net loss of energy as result of these collisions
- gas particles are separated by relatively great distances
- gas particles do not attract each other
What is the relationship between pressure and number of gas particles
The greater the number of air particles the greater the pressure
What is the relationship between pressure and volume of a gas
If one of the variables increases the other must decrease
What is the relationship between pressure and temperature
KE=(1/2)mv^2
An increase in temperature causes the pressure to increase
What is the relationship between temperature and volume
Temperature and volume are directly related
What is the relationship between temperature and velocity
The higher the temperature the greater the average velocity of the particles
What is the equation for combined gas law
(P1 x V1)/ T1 = (P2 x V2)/ T2
What are the ideas of the kinetic molecular theory
- Gas particles do not attract one another
- gas particles do not occupy volume
- gases are most ideal at low pressures and high temperatures
