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Chemistry > Chapter 2- Formulas and Equations > Flashcards

Chapter 2- Formulas and Equations Flashcards

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1
Q

What is an empirical formula?

A

Empirical formula represents the simplest integer ratio in which atoms combine to form a compound
(Simplified form)

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2
Q

What is the molecular formula?

A

The molecular formula is a multiple of the Empirical formula

Original formula

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3
Q

What is a polyatomic ion?

A

Polyatomic ion is a group of atoms covalently bonded together possessing a charge

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4
Q

What is a hydrate?

A

A hydrate is a compound that binds with water within the structure

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5
Q

What is an Anhydrous compound?

A

Compound that doesn’t contain water

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6
Q

What do most ionic compounds end in?

A

-ide

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7
Q

What are the most common prefixes?

A

1: mono-
2: di-
3: tri-
4: tetra-
5: penta-
6: hexa-
7: hepta-
8: octo-

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8
Q

What is used in the Stock system?

A

Oxidation states

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9
Q

What are physical changes?

A

Changes in appearance

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10
Q

What is a chemical change?

A

A change in the identity of the products from the identity of the reactants

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11
Q

Explain an endothermic reaction.

A 
In an endothermic reaction 
-the surrounding temperature decreases 
-potential energy of reactants is less  
-potential energy of products is more
(Requires energy)
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12
Q

Explain an exothermic reaction?

A 
In an exothermic reaction 
-the surrounding temperature increases 
-potential energy of reactants is more 
-potential energy of products is less
(Releases thermal energy)
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13
Q

What is the Law of Conservation of Mass?

A

States that matter is neither created nor destroyed in chemical reactions

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14
Q

What is a synthesis reaction?

A

When two or more reactants combine to form a single product

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15
Q

What is a decomposition reaction?

A

Is a reverse of a synthesis reaction in that a single compound is broken down into two or more simpler substances

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16
Q

What is a single replacement reaction?

A

One element replaces another in a compound but the element being replaced must be lower than the element replacing

17
Q

What is a double replacement reaction?

A

To soluble ionic compounds that react and solution to produce a gas or molecular compounds

18
Q

What is the equation for single replacement reaction?

A

A + XB –> B + XA

19
Q

What is the equation for double replacement reaction?

A

AB + CD –> AD + CB

20
Q

What are diatomic molecules and examples of them?

A

Diatomic molecules are covalently bonded elements

Examples are Hydrogen, Nitrogen, Fluorine, Chlorine, Bromine, and iodine

21
Q

When will a reaction occur?

A
  1. One of the products is a solid
  2. One of the products is a gas
  3. Water is produced as a product

Chemistry (5 decks)

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