Chapter 4 Neural Conduction and Synaptic Transmission Flashcards
_______ is a common chemical used to alleviate
symptoms in people living with Parkinson’s disease.
L-dopa
The difference in electrical charge between the inside and outside of a nerve cell is called _______ and is recorded using microelectrodes.
membrane potential
The resting potential inside the neuron is approximately
_______ mV less than that outside the cell. This is called polarization.
70
Sodium and potassium ions are both _______ charged.
positively
In a resting neuron, there are more _______ ions outside the cell and more _______ ions inside the cell.
Na+, K+
K+ ions are largely held inside the cell because of the membrane’s _______ resting potential.
negative
_______ pumps ensure that at resting potential, three Na+ ions move inside the cell and two K+ ions move outside the cell.
Sodium–potassium
_______ are released into the synaptic cleft, and they attach to receptor molecules on the postsynaptic
membrane of the next cell.
Neurotransmitters
The neurotransmitters may _______ the postsynaptic
receptive membrane, which implies that the resting membrane potential will increase.
hyperpolarize
_______ postsynaptic potentials increase the likelihood that a neuron will fire
Excitatory
Postsynaptic potentials _______ in amplitude as they travel through the neuron.
decrease
A momentary increase of membrane potential to about +50 mV is called _______.
action potential
Each neuron sums the number of excitatory and
inhibitory postsynaptic potentials to create a single signal, a process called _______.
integration
When postsynaptic potentials that are produced in rapid
succession at the same synapse are added, we have _______ summation.
temporal
When postsynaptic potentials that are produced
simultaneously in different parts of the receptive membrane are added, we have _______
summation.
spatial
