Chapter 4: Modeling and Analysis Flashcards
Certainty
A condition under which it is assumed that future values are known for sure and only one result is associated with an action.
Complexity
A measure of how difficult a problem is in terms of its formulation for optimization, its required optimization effort, or its stochastic nature.
Decision analysis
Methods for determining the solution to a problem, typically when it is inappropriate to use interval algorithms
Decision table
Conveniently organized data in a tabular manner to prepare it for analysis.
Decision tree
A graphical presentation of a sequence of interrelated decisions (nodes and roots) to be made under assumed risk.
Decision variable
A variable in a model that can be changed and manipulated by the decision maker. Decision variables correspond to the decisions to be made.
Dynamic modals
Models whose input data are changed over time e.g. 5-year profit projection.
Environmental scanning and analysis
The monitoring, scanning, and interpretation of collected information.
Forecasting
Predicting the future.
Goal seeking
Asking a computer what values certain variables must have in order to attain desired goals.
Heuristic programming
The use of heuristics in problem solving.
Heuristics
Informal, judgmental knowledge of an application area that constitutes the rules of good judgment in the field. Heuristics also encompasses the knowledge of how to solve problems efficiently and effectively, how to plan steps in solving a complex problem, how to performance and so forth.
Influence diagram
A graphical representation of a modal – a model of a model.
Intermediate result variable
A variable that contains the values of intermediate outcomes in mathematical models.
Linear programming
A mathematical model for the optimal solution of resource allocation problems. All relationship among the variables are linear.
Mathematical (quantitative) model
A system of symbols and expressions representing a real situation
Mathematical programing
An optimization technique for the allocation of resources subject to constraints.
Model base management system
(MBMS) Software for establishing, updating, combining, and so on (e.g. managing) a DSS modal base.
Multidimensional analysis
A modeling method the involves data analysis in several dimensions.
Multiple goals
Refers to a decision in which alternatives are evaluated with several, sometimes conflicting, goals.
Object orientated model base
management system
(OOMBMS) An MBMS constructed in an object orientated environment.
Optimal solution
A best possible solution to a modeled problem.
Parameter
(uncontrollable variable) A factor that affects the result of a decision but is not under the control of the decision maker, they can be internal or external.
Quantitative software package
A preprogrammed (sometimes call a ready-made) model or optimization system. These packages sometimes serve as building blocks for other quantitative models.