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ICND1 100-101 > CHAPTER 4 KEY TOPICS > Flashcards

CHAPTER 4 KEY TOPICS Flashcards

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1
Q

What are 2 important facts about how IPv4 groups IP addresses?

A
  • All IP addresses in the same group must not be separated from each other by a router.
  • IP addresses separated from each other by a router must be in different groups.
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2
Q

What is the address range for a Class A network?

A

1.X.X.X-126.X.X.X

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3
Q

What is the address range for a Class B network?

A

128.X.X.X-191.255.X.X

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4
Q

What is the address range for a Class C network?

A

192.X.X.X-223.255.255.X

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5
Q

How many possible networks are there in a Class A network range?

A

126

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6
Q

How many possible networks are there in a Class B network range?

A

16,384

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7
Q

How many possible networks are there in a Class C network range?

A

2,097,152

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8
Q

How many possible hosts are there in a Class A network?

A

16,777,214

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9
Q

How many possible hosts are there in a Class B network?

A

65,534

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10
Q

How many possible hosts are there in a Class C network?

A

254

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11
Q

What are the 3 unicast IP networks?

A

Class A, Class B, Class C

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12
Q

What are the 2 steps in IPv4 Host Routing?

A

1 - If the destination IP address is in the same IP subnet as I am, send the packet directly to that destination host.
2-Otherwise, send the packet to my default gateway, also known as a default router. (this router has an interface on the same subnet as the host.)

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13
Q

What are the 4 steps a router uses to forward data?

A

1 - Use the data link Frame Check Sequence (FCS) field to ensure that the frame had no errors; if errors occurred, discard the frame.
2 - Assuming that the frame was not discarded at step 1, discard the old data link header and trailer, leaving the IP packet.
3 - Compare the IP packet’s destination IP address to the routing table, and find the route that best matches the destination address. This route identifies the outgoing interface of the router, and possibly the next-hop router IP address.
4 - Encapsulate the IP packet inside a new data link header and trailer, appropriate for the outgoing interface, and forward the frame.

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14
Q

What are the 6 goals of IP routing protocol?

A
  • To dynamically learn and fill the routing table with a route to each subnet in the internetwork.
  • If more than one route to a subnet is available, to place the best route in the routing table.
  • To notice when routes in the table are no longer valid, and to remove them from the routing table.
  • If a route is removed from the routing table and another route through another neighboring router is available to add the route to the routing table.
  • To work quickly when adding new routes or replacing lost routes.
  • To prevent routing loops.
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15
Q

What is default router (default gateway)?

A

-On an IP host, the IP address of some router to which the host sends packets when the packet’s destination address is on a subnet other than the local subnet.

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16
Q

What is routing table?

A

-A list of routes in a router, with each route listing the destination subnet and mask, the router interface out which to forward packets destined to that subnet, and as needed, the next-hop router’s IP address.

17
Q

What is IP network?

A

-An IPv4 Class A, B, or C network.

18
Q

What is IP subnet?

A

-Subdivisions of a Class A, B, or C network as configured by a network administrator.

19
Q

What is IP packet?

A

-An IP header, followed by the encapsulated after the IP header, but specifically not including any headers and trailers for layers below the network layer.

20
Q

What is routing protocol?

A

-A set of messages and processes with which routers can exchange information about routes to reach subnets in a particular network.

21
Q

What is dotted-decimal notation (DNN)?

A

-The format used for IPv4 addresses, in which four decimal values are used, separated by periods (dots).

22
Q

What is IPv4 address?

A

-A 32-bit address assigned to hosts using TCP/IP.

23
Q

What is unicast IP address?

A

-An IP address that represents a single interface, In IPv4 , these addresses come from the Class A, B, and C ranges.

24
Q

What is subnetting?

A

-The process of subdividing a Class A, B, or C network into smaller groups called subnets.

25
Q

What is host name?

A

-An alphameric name of an IP host.

26
Q

What is DNS?

A

-Domain Name System. An application layer protocol used throughout the internet for translating host names into their associated IP addresses.

27
Q

What is ARP?

A

-Address Resolution Protocol. An Internet protocol used to map an IP address to a MAC address. Defined in RFC 826.

28
Q

What is ping?

A

-An ICMP echo message and its reply used to check reachability of a network device.

ICND1 100-101 (8 decks)

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