Chapter 4 Key Terms Flashcards
What is a Victim Impact Statement?
A victim impact statement is a statement presented to a court by a
victim of crime which outlines the suffering
caused by the behavior of the offender.
What is a Sanction?
A sanction is a penalty imposed under criminal law; for example, a fine or imprisonment of the offender.
What does Deterrence mean?
Deterrence means to discourage future criminal behavior from an offender and from others in the community.
What are Prior convictions?
Prior convictions are convictions previously incurred by an offender.
What does Rehabilitation mean?
Rehabilitation means to change someone’s behavior. In criminal cases it means to give skills and training to an individual so that he or she may live in the community without further offending.
What is a drug treatment order?
A drug treatment order (DTO) is a court order issued by the Magistrates’ Court which provides treatment and supervision for offenders whose crimes are linked to drug and alcohol abuse.
What is Recidivism?
Recidivism is the repeat offending of a criminal after they have served punishment for crimes committed.
What is Capital Punishment?
Capital punishment is a state sanctioned death sentence usually imposed by a court for a serious offence.
What is Surety
Surety is a payment or promise made by a person in criminal cases guarantee the appearance of another person in court who has applied for bail
What is Remand?
Remand is to hold a person in custody while awaiting trial. A person on remand will be detained in a remand section of a prison.
What is a concurrent sentence?
A concurrent sentence is a sentence that allows two or more terms of imprisonment to be served at the same time
What is a cumulative sentence?
A cumulative sentence is a sentence where one term of imprisonment must be served in order to begin the next one
Why can prisoner placement change?
Behavioral reasons, change in security or to stop ongoing relationships/gang development
What are some examples of factors that a judge must account for when sentencing?
seriousness of the offence, the prior convictions of the defendant, the suffering of victims, the degree of remorse shown by the offender and the offender’s emotional/ psychological state
What is the aim of a sanction?
The main objectives of courts when sentencing offenders are • Just punishment • Deterrence • Rehabilitation • Denunciation of the offender’s conduct • Protection of the community.
