Chapter 4 - key dates and stats Flashcards
When did Britain’s ambassador to Washington declare they had to withdraw from Greece, Turkey and Palestine over bankruptcy?
1947
When did the Future Policy Study recommend some retreat from Empire?
1960
When did Dean Acheson say ‘Britain has lost an empire and has not yet found a role’?
1962
When was the Schuman Plan, to integrate the heavy industry of France and Germany, released?
1950
When and where was the Messina Conference, which began the EEC?
1955, in Sicily.
When was the Treaty of Rome signed?
1957
How many members were initially in the EEC?
Six
When was EFTA created?
1959
From when did Charles De Gaulle try to prevent the entrance of ‘les anglo-saxons’ into the EEC?
From 1958 to his death
What did EFTA stand for?
European Free Trade Association
What did the EEC stand for?
European Economic Community
When was the UK’s first EEC application submitted?
1961
What is an example of an import that did not align with the EEC’s Common Agricultural Policy?
Buying New Zealand Lamb
When did Charles De Gaulle exercise his veto for the UK’s first application?
January 1963
Who was Macmillan’s chief negotiator in the first EEC application?
Edward Heath
When did Harold Macmillan plan for a summit with Nikita Khruschev?
1960
With which US president did Macmillan have a good relationship with?
JFK
How did Peter Thorneycroft describe the UK’s role in the Cuban Missile Crisis?
he described Britain as ‘bystanders’
When was the Burgess and Maclean affair?
They defected to the USSR in 1951 as highly placed intelligence officers.
What did Ernest Bevin say about the nuclear deterrent in 1946?
‘We’ve got to have this thing over here whatever it costs. We’ve got to have the bloody Union Jack on top of it.’
When were the first British atomic bomb tests?
1952, made Britain 3rd country with nukes
When was Britain’s ‘H-Bomb’ first tested?
1957
How many people attended the 1958 CND march at Aldermaston?
8000 people
When were the two Aldermaston marches by the CND?
1958 and 1959
When did the US agree to share nuclear technology again with the UK under the Mutual Defence Agreement?
1958
When was Britain’s rocket project, Blue Streak, abandoned?
1960
What replaced the Blue Streak project?
The Polaris rockets from the US.
In which years did the Korean War take place?
From the north (communist) invasion in 1950 until the ceasefire in 1953.
How many troops did Britain send as part of the UN taskforce?
90,000 troops, the second largest contingent.
How many British troops died in the Korean War?
Over 1000
What percent of Western Europe’s oil imports passed through the Suez Canal?
80%
Who took power in Egypt, threatening to nationalise the Suez Canal?
Colonel Nasser
When was the secret Anglo-French invasion of Egypt?
29th October 1956
When did Britain withdraw from India, partioning it into India and Pakistan?
1947
Where were Britain fighting independence movements in the 1950s?
Malaya, Kenya and Cyprus
When did the Mau Mau rebellion start in Kenya?
1952
When did the Gold Coast (Ghana) gain independence?
1957
When did Nigeria and Cyprus gain independence?
1960
When did Tanganyika and Sierra Leone gain independence?
1961
When did Uganda gain independence?
1962
When did Kenya gain independence?
1963
Where and when did Macmillan deliver his ‘winds of change’ speech?
1960, in Cape Town, South Africa.
