Chapter 4 - Job Analysis and Work Design Flashcards
Job
A group of related activities and duties.
Position
The different duties and responsibilities performed by only one employee.
Job family
A group of individual jobs with similar characteristics.
Job specification
A statement of the needed knowledge, skills, and abilities of the person who is to perform the job.
Job description
A statement of the tasks, duties, and responsibilities of a job to be performed.
Job analysis
The process of obtaining information about jobs by determining the duties, tasks, or activities of jobs.
Position analysis questionnaire (PAQ)
A questionnaire covering 194 different tasks that, by means of a five-point scale, seeks to determine the degree to which different tasks are involved in performing a particular job.
Critical incident method
A job analysis method by which important job tasks are identified for job success.
Task inventory analysis
An organization-specific list of tasks and their descriptions used as a basis to identify components of jobs.
Functional job analysis (FJA)
A job analysis approach that uses and inventory of the various types of work activities that can constitute any job.
Job design
An outgrowth of job analysis that improves jobs through technological and human considerations to enhance organization efficiency and employee job satisfaction.
Job enrichment
Enhancing a job by adding more meaningful tasks and duties to make the work more rewarding or satisfying.
Job characteristics model
A job design theory that purports that three psychological states (experiencing meaningfulness of the work performed, responsibility for work outcomes, and knowledge of the results of the work performed) of a jobholder result in improved work performance, internal motivation, and absenteeism and turnover.
Employee empowerment
Granting employees power to initiate change, thereby encouraging them to take charge of what they do.
Job crafting
A naturally occurring phenomenon whereby employees mould their tasks to fit their individual strengths, passions, and motives better.
Industrial engineering
A field of study concerned with analyzing work methods and establishing time standards.
Ergonomics
An interdisciplinary approach to designing equipment and systems that can be easily and efficiently used by human beings.
Employee involvement groups (EIGs)
Groups of employees who meet to resolve problems or offer suggestions for organizational improvement.
Employee teams
An employee contributions technique whereby work functions are structured for groups rather than for individuals and team members are given discretion in matters traditionally considered management prerogatives, such as process improvements, products or service developments, and individual work assignments.
Flextime
Flexible working hours that permit employees the option of choosing daily starting and quitting times provided that they work a set number of hours per day or week.
Job sharing
The arrangement whereby two part-time employees perform a job that otherwise would be held by one full-time employee.
