Chapter 4: Infection Control Flashcards

1
Q

What is an infection?

A

Invasion and growth of microorganisms causing disease

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2
Q

What is a pathogen?

A

An organism or agent that causes infection

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3
Q

What’s the chain of Infection (6 elements)?

A

1) Infectious agent (source)
2)Resevoir (humans)
3) Port of exit from resevoir
4) means of transmission
5) Port of entry to host
6) Susceptible host
+it’s a continuous circle

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4
Q

What are the 5 means of transmission?

A

1) Direct or indirect contact
2) Droplet
3) Airborne
4) Bloodborne
5) Vector

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5
Q

What is direct contact transmission?

A

Physical contact with an infected person

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6
Q

What is indirect contact?

A

A host transmits a pathogen to a fomite and the susceptible host touches the fomite

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7
Q

What is a fomite?

A

Inanimate object that can carry infection

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8
Q

What are droplets? How far do they travel?

A

+droplets bigger than 5 micrometers generated by the source via coughing, sneezing talking
+travel less than 3ft.
+Don’t need a ventilator or air filter to prevent transmission

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9
Q

What is airborne transmission?

A

+Droplets smaller than 5 micrometers generated by host via coughing, sneezing, talking etc.
+Can travel far and linger in the air
+Need ventilator or air filter to prevent transmission

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10
Q

What is bloodborne transmission? Examples?

A

+Infectious microorganisms in blood that can cause disease

+HIV, Hep B, Hep C

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11
Q

What is vector transmission?

A

Organisms like tick, mice etc that carry infectious agents

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12
Q

What are 4 ways to prevent infectious transmission?

A

1) Handwashing for 15-20 seconds
2) PPE
3) Standard precautions
4) Isolating infectious patients

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13
Q

What’s included in PPE?

A

Gowns, glove, respirator, face mask, shoe cover, apron, face shield, goggles

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14
Q

Standard Precautions means what?

A

Use barrier protection and work practice controls to prevent contact between skin and mucous membranes and blood, other bodily fluids, and tissues from all persons

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15
Q

What are isolation control measures?

A

Separating infectious person from susceptible hosts

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