Chapter 4: Histology Flashcards
How do different tissues arise from genetically identical cells?
They express their genes differently, allowing them to differentiate into the embryonic tissues that give rise to the adult tissues.
What are the three embryonic tissues?
Endoderm, mesoderm, and ectoderm
What are the four adult tissues?
Epithelium, connective tissues, muscle, and neural tissue
From which embryonic tissues is the epithelium derived from?
All three.
Where would you find epithelium in the body?
On the surface of the body, in body openings, in cavity linings, and as glands.
Cutaneous membranes would be found ___.
on the surface of the body
Serous membranes would be found ___.
in cavity linings
Mucous membranes would be found ___.
in body openings
Except for glandular epithelium, most epithelial tissue is ___.
broad and sheetlike
What are the two types of glands?
Endocrine and exocrine
These glands secrete to the internal environment, ultimately ending up in the blood.
Endocrine
These glands are hallow and secrete to the free surface.
Exocrine
This type of tissue fills internal spaces and supports other tissues.
Connective
Connective tissue is derived from which embryonic tissue?
Mesoderm
This tissue forms the entire structural framework of the body.
Connective
What are the three functions of connective tissue?
- Provide strength and stability
- Maintain position of internal organs
- Provide routes for blood vessels, lymphatic vessels, and nerves
Connective tissue is organized into broad sheets called ___.
Fasciae
This fascia attaches skin and adipose tissue. It is found beneath the cutaneous membrane.
Superficial fascia
The superficial fascia is also sometimes called the ___ layer.
hypodermic
This type of fascia is found between the serous membranes and deep fascia.
Subserous fascia
Subserous fascia is also called ___ tissue.
areolar
This type of fascia surrounds and interpenetrates surrounding blood vessels, nerves, muscles, ect.
Deep fascia
Tendons and ligaments are ___ fascia.
deep
In muscles and nerves, ___ fascia is found.
deep
Connective tissue lining dorsal cavities and covering the brain and spinal cord are called ___.
meninges
Adipose is a type of ___ connective tissue.
specialized
In this type of connective tissue, cells are the predominant constituent, making the tissue soft and squishy.
adipose
Instead of secreting an ECM, adipose contains ___.
A drop/drops of fat
What are the purposes of white adipose tissue?
- Energy storage
- Insulation
- Cushioning for internal organs
- Hormone secretion
Where is white adipose tissue located?
Hypodermis, abdominal cavity, orbital of eye, palms and soles, visceral pericardium for cushioning.
White adipose tissue contains ___ drop(s) of fat, while brown adipose tissue contains ___.
one, multiple
This type of adipose can grow and shrink based on diet.
White adipose
This type of adipose is highly vascularized
brown adipose
Why is brown adipose tissue brown?
The mitochrondrial-rich tissue contains a lot of iron.
Brown adipose tissue is for ___.
thermogenesis
Muscle is derived from which embryonic layer?
mesoderm
This type of tissue is specialized for contraction.
Muscle
What are the three types of muscle tissue?
Skeletal, cardiac, and smooth
From which embryonic tissue is neural tissue derived from?
Ectoderm
