chapter 4- Enzymes

Question 1

What are enzymes?

Answer 1

Globular protiens that interact with substrate molecules causing them to react at faster rates.

Question 2

What are anabolic reactions?

Answer 2

building reactions

Question 3

What are catabolic reactions?

Answer 3

breaking down reactions
(think CATabolic- cats break everything)

Question 4

How do enzymes “speed up” reactions?

Answer 4

Enzymes help molecules collide successfully therfore reducing activation energey required.

Question 5

Define activation energy

Answer 5

energy required to initiate a reaction

Question 6

What is the name given when a substrate is bound to an active site?

Answer 6

enzyme-subsrate complex

Question 7

summarise the lock and key theory

Answer 7

The active site of an enzyme has a complementary shape to the specific substrate molecule.

Question 8

summarise the induced-fit hypothesis

Answer 8

suggests the active site of the enzyme changes shape slightly as the substrate enters

Question 9

How does an increasing temperature affect enzyme action?

Answer 9

Kinetic energy of particles is increased, meaning particles move faster and collide more frequently. This increase in successful collisons will result in an increased rate of reaction.

Question 10

What is the temperature coefficient? Q10

Answer 10

A measure of how much the rate of reaction increases with a rise of 10oc

Question 11

How are enzymes denatured from a temperature too high?

Answer 11

At high temperatures the bonds holding the protein together vibrate more, straining these bonds , eventually causing the bonds to break. This break cause a change in the precise tertiary structure of the proteins, meaning substrate will no longer fit active site.

Question 12

What affect will a change in PH have on an enzyme?