Chapter 4- Enzymes

Question 1

What are the 2 types of enzyme reactions?

Answer 1

Anabolic reactions- bring the substrate molecules together

Catabolic reactions- breaks bonds

Question 2

How are enzymes biological catalysts?

Answer 2

Decreases activation energy and increasing number of successful collisions

Question 3

What are temporary bonds?

Answer 3

R-groups of the active site interact

Question 4

What is the induced fit model?

Answer 4

The enzyme substrate complex changes shape slightly
Initial interactions between enzymes and substrates are weak
Weak interactions induce changes in tertiary structure which strengthens binding

Question 5

What are the 2 different types of enzymes?

Answer 5

Intracellular- work in animal and plant cells eg: catalase breaks down harmful H2O2 into H2O and O2
Extracellular- secreted by cells and work outside the cell membrane eg: amylase in the mouth catalyses the hydrolysis of starch into maltose

Question 6

What are the 4 factors affecting enzyme action?

Answer 6

Temperature
pH
Substrate concentration
Enzyme concentration

Question 7

What it temp coefficient Q10?

Answer 7

Shows how much rate of reaction changes when temperature is raised by 10 degrees
rate of reaction at (X+10degrees)/ rate of reaction at X degrees

Question 8

What are competitive inhibitors?

Answer 8

Competes with substrate to bind to active site

Prevents substrate molecule from binding

Question 9

What are non-competitive inhibitors?

Answer 9

Inhibitors combine to allosteric site
Alters tertiary structure of active site
Substrate will not fit