Chapter 4: Dynamics Flashcards

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1
Q

Define mass

A

It is the property of a body which resists change in motion

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2
Q

Define momentum

A

It is the product of the mass of a body and its velocity

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3
Q

Define inertia

A

It is the tendency of a body to stay in a state of rest or uniform motion

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4
Q

Define force

A

It is a push or pull that can cause a change in momentum to a body when acting on it

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5
Q

State Newton’s First Law

A

In the absence of a resultant force, a body at rest stays at rest while a body in motion continues its motion at uniform speed

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6
Q

State Newton’s Second Law

A

The rate of change of momentum is proportional to the resultant force acting on a body, and the momentum changes in the direction of the resultant force

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7
Q

Define impulse

A

It is the product of the average force exerted and the average time which it acts

Additional info:
Impulse = Change in momentum

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8
Q

State the 3 car safety features and how they prevent damage/injury

A
  • Front and rear crumple zones (Structure of the car will not give way during a collision as it increases the amount of time of the car to stop, reducing the resultant force exerted on the car)
  • Seatbelts (prevent people from being thrown around in a car, and stretches during a crash to increase the time it takes for the person to stop moving)
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8
Q

State the 3 car safety features and how they prevent damage/injury

A
  • Front and rear crumple zones (Structure of the car will not give way during a collision as it increases the amount of time of the car to stop, reducing the resultant force exerted on the car)
  • Seatbelts (prevent people from being thrown around in a car, and stretches during a crash to increase the time it takes for the person to stop moving)
  • Airbags (Prevent people from colliding with hard objects and increases the time taken for the person to stop moving)
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9
Q

State Newton’s Third Law

A

When Body A exerts a force on Body B, Body B exerts a force of equal magnitude but opposite direction on Body A

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10
Q

Define weight

A

It is the gravitational force exerted on an object by the Earth

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11
Q

Define apparent weight

A

It is the force exerted on an object by the body that is freely supporting it

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12
Q

When does weightlessness occur

A

When apparent weight = 0N

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13
Q

State the Principle of Conservation of Linear Momentum

A

The total momentum in a system remains constant unless an external force acts on the system

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14
Q

State the properties of these 3 collisions:
1. Elastic collision
2. Completely Inelastic collision
3. Superelastic collision

A
  1. KE(i) = KE(f), RSA = RSS
  2. v of both bodies are equal (bodies coalesce as some KE is converted to potential/internal energy due to deformation)
  3. KE(i) < KF(f)`
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