Chapter 4 Drugs and the Brain

Question 1

dependent or addicted

Answer 1

suffer very unpleasant physical and psychological

withdrawal symptoms when they interrupt their drug habit.

Question 2

drugs share an ability to promote the

release of the chemical messenger called_____.

Answer 2

dopamine

Question 3

Alcohol

Answer 3

acts on neurotransmitter systems in the brain to

dampen down excitatory messages and promote inhibition of neural activity.

Question 4

Nicotine

Answer 4

Nicotine is the active ingredient in all tobacco products. It acts on brain receptors that normally recognize the
neurotransmitter acetylcholine; it tends to activate natural alerting mechanisms in the brain.

Question 5

Cannabis

Answer 5

Cannabis presents us with a puzzle, for it acts on an important natural system in the brain that uses neurotransmitters that are chemically very like cannabis.

Question 6

Amphetamines

Answer 6

man-made chemicals that include “Dexedrone”, “Speed”, and the methamphetamine derivative called “Ecstasy”

Question 7

Heroin

Answer 7

man-made chemical derivative of the plant product morphine.

Question 8

cocaine

Answer 8

plant-derived chemical which can cause intensely pleasurable sensations as well as acting as a powerful psychostimulant

Question 9

Drugs in the Brain Bee textbook

Answer 9

alcohol, nicotine, cannabis, amphetamines,heroin, cocaine

Question 10

Low dependence liability drugs

Answer 10

alcohol, cannabis, ecstasy and amphetamines

Question 11

High dependence liability drugs

Answer 11

cocaine, heroin and nicotine

Question 12

effects of alcohol use

Answer 12

Alcohol’s action proceeds through stages of relaxation and good humour, after one drink, through to sleepiness and loss of conciousness

Question 13

what are the two organs alcohol use damages?

Answer 13

liver and brain

Question 14

effects of nicotine use

Answer 14

help people to concentrate and have a soothing effect since nicotine binds to acytocoline receptors, it tends to activate natural alerting mechanisms in the brain

Question 15

what are the two organs nicotine use damages?

Answer 15

lung and heart

Question 16

effects of cannabis use

Answer 16

cannabis is an intoxicant which can be pleasurable and relaxing, and it can cause a dream-like state in which one’s perception of sounds, colours and times subtly altered.

Question 17

which organ do canabis use damage?

Answer 17

lung

Question 18

heavy use of cannabis might trigger____.

Answer 18

mental illness schizophrenia

Question 19

effects of amphetamines use

Answer 19

strong arousal and pleasurable effects, well-being and dream-like state that can include hallucinations

Question 20

what are the two neurotransmitters that amphetamines and cocaine trigger?

Answer 20

dopamine and serotonine

Question 21

Ecstasy can cause____.

Answer 21

a prolonged, permanent reduction of serotonin cell.

Question 22

effects of amphetamines use

Answer 22

pain control, pleasure.

Question 23

what neurotransmitter does cannabis and heroin trigger?

Answer 23

endorphines