Chapter 4 - Diver Safety and Risk Management Flashcards
The primary goal of risk management is _____________.
improve diver safety.
_____________ means that you are expected to act as a reasonably prudent divemaster would act under the same or similar circumstances to help protect less knowledgeable divers from harm. Most legal systems define failing to this is _________, which can lead to a lawsuit.
Duty of care
negligence
During a lawsuit, it is shown that divemaster Pat failed to properly use accounting procedures, so the dive boat left with two divers still in the water. They were picked up several hours later, but had mild hypothermia. The suit is seeking damages to compensate the two divers for the costs of medical care. The defense is able to show that Pat normally uses a very accurate accounting procedure and intended to do so the day of the incident, but got distracted helping another diver. In most legal systems, which statement likely reflects the bearing of this on this case?
a. By demonstrating that Pat is normally a competent, responsible divemaster, the suit will likely fail and Pat will win.
b. Demonstrating what Pat intended to do will not help much, if at all, because the court primarily considers what actually happened.
b. Demonstrating what Pat intended to do will not help much, if at all, because the court primarily considers what actually happened.
Divemaster Carl does not exercise regularly to any significant degree, he does not eat a reasonably balanced diet, and he routinely pushes his dive computer’s no stop limits. he has not taken a diving course nor practiced or reviewed his dive skills in years. He may be increasing, depending upon the situation, the risk to
a. himself.
b. his buddies..
c. the divers he supervises.
d. All of the above.
d. All of the above.
Diving can cause elevated physical stress that can strain the heart and cardiovascular system. This can cause a heart attack, stroke or other hear/circulation-related event in predisposed individuals.
_True
_False
True
The first, and most important way you reduce risk by adhering to PADI Standards is that you reduce the risk of a(n) __________ in the first place.
accident
Should an accident occur despite your best efforts, and you can demonstrate you were following PADI Standards, you reduce your legal risk by showing that you acted credibly as a professional and met that expected duty of care.
_True
_False
True
Local dive community and industry practices and regulations aren’t typically part of PADI Standard,
a. but you should follow them conservatively as well as follow PADI Standards.
b. so you should disregard them.
c. and therefore have no legal merit.
a. but you should follow them conservatively as well as follow PADI Standards.
The fact you were within PADI Standards alone is sufficient to defend your actions in the event of a dive accident.
_True
_False
False
Divemaster Dawn is escorting several PADI Advanced Open Water Diver course students on the AWARE, Fish Identification Adventure Dive. PADI Standards allow adult students to dive as deep as 30 metres/100 feet on this dive, but there is a substantial thermocline and visibility reduction at 12 metres/40 feet. Of the following choices, which is likely Dawn’s best decision under these circumstances?
a. Allow the divers to go as deep as standards allow.
b. Cancel the dive entirely.
c. Limit the dive to 12 metres/40 feet and shallower.
c. Limit the dive to 12 metres/40 feet and shallower.
When applying a PADI Standard, consider the ________ of the standard and then use good, conservative __________.
intent
judgement
The PADI Member Code of Practice and the Youth Leader’s Commitment
a. are suggestions that you should usually follow.
b. are part of PADI Standards that all PADI Members must always follow.
b. are part of PADI Standards that all PADI Members must always follow.
The first and most important role of paperwork is to inform divers and student divers about the risks of diving, to confirm that they accept those risks, to confirm that they’re medically fit to participate in diving and to remind them that it’s important to follow safe diving practices.
_True
_False
True
Enrolling in a PADI program, Lars checks “yes” to a condition listed on the medical history form. At this point
a. Lars needs a physician’s approval before being eligible to dive.
b. the instructor or divemaster should ask Lars for more information to see if it is really a problem.
c. Lars should have the option to complete a new medical form and indicate “no” if he wants.
d. All of the above may be correct, depending upon circumstances.
a. Lars needs a physician’s approval before being eligible to dive.
At the scene of a dive accident in which she was involved, divemaster Alexandra is cooperating with authorities to find out what happened. Based on her extensive experience in diving, she tells them that the victim likely panicked and lost consciousness, though she didn’t actually see it happen. What is the most likely result of Alexandra offering her expertise?
a. Authorities will probably determine the accident’s cause more quickly.
b. The situation will get confused, because Alexandra’s opinion is not based on observed facts.
c. It is not likely to help or hinder the investigation.
b. The situation will get confused, because Alexandra’s opinion is not based on observed facts.
