Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Dental 22010 > Chapter 4 Dental Conditions > Flashcards

Chapter 4 Dental Conditions Flashcards

1
Q

Common, mild, self-limiting, virus

Affects 1/3 to 1/2 of the US population

A

Recurrent Herpetic simplex

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Sx:

  • Prodromal symptoms of fever, cervical lymphadenopathy, and malaise
  • Numerous pin-head vesicles which rupture and ulcer on the perioral skin, vermilion border, and oral mucosa
  • Severe and painful gingivitis with difficulty eating
A

Herpetic Gingivostomatitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Treatment of herpetic gingivostomatitis

A

Heals in 7-14 days

Acyclovir 200-800mg five times daily for 7-14 days may speed recovery

Treat symptoms:

  • Hydration
  • Systemic analgesia
  • Antipyretics
  • Soft bland diet
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Common, mild, self-limiting re-manifestation of the Herpes Simplex virus, re-activated in immunocompromised patients

A

Recurrent Herpes Simplex

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

HSV-1 remains in latent state in the trigeminal ganglion until body is compromised by:

A
  • Sunlight
  • Menstruation
  • Fatigue
  • Fever
  • Stress
  • Immunological compromise
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Commonly known as “cold sore” or fever blisters”

A

Herpes labialis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Prodromal symptoms of pain, burning, or tingling

1-5 mm vesicles with erythematous border that ulcer and may form larger ulcers

Occurs on keratinized and non-keratinized mucosa

A

Intraoral herpes simplex

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Treatment for intraoral herpes simplex

A

Heal in 7-14 days

Acyclovir

Treat symptoms:

  • Analgesia
  • Hydration
  • Antipyretics
  • Soft bland diet
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

May have prodrome of itching, tingling, or burning at blister sites

Primarily found on vermillion border and/or commissure of lips

Pain present for first 2 days, may be acute for 5 days

Presents as papules that become pustular and ulcerate before scabbing

A

Herpes labialis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Treatment for herpes labialis

A

Lesions heal 7-14 days

Topical/systemic antivirals at first sign of prodrome or lesion

Treat symptoms:

  • Ice
  • Warm cloth
  • OTC creams
  • NSAIDs
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Common, severe, non-contagious bacterial infection of the gums with sudden onset

“trench mouth” or “Vincent’s Angina”

Brought on by opportunistic Fusobacteria and spirochetes as a result of immunosuppression, extreme stress, poor oral hygiene, malnutrition, and/or smoking.

A

Necrotizing Ulcerative Gingivitis (NUG)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Ulcerations on dental papillae. Punched out appearance.

Overwhelming foul breath.

Rapid onset may be accompanied by malaise or fever.

Lymphadenopathy, acute painful bleeding gingiva.

A

Necrotizing Ulcerative Gingivitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Treatment for NUG

A

Soft toothbrush for teeth

Oral hygiene and nutrition instruction

Hourly rinses with warm saline OR twice daily rinses with hydrogen peroxide or chlorhexidine

Remove contributing factors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Treatment of NUG that does not improve after 48 hours

A

Antibiotic treatment:

  • Penicillin
  • Erythromycin
  • Tetracycline
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Opportunistic fungal overgrowth of the lining of the mouth

A

Oral Candidiasis (thrush)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Part of the normal oral flora, and is an opportunistic yeast/fungus

A

Candida Albicans

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Fungal overgrowths occur in people who:

A
  • Taken antibiotics/corticosteroids
  • AIDS
  • Leukemia
  • Chemotherapy
  • Xerostomia
  • Endocrine Disorders
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Most common manifestation of oral candidiasis

Presents as a white slough that can be easily wiped away to reveal erythematous tissue

A

Thrush (acute pseudomembranous candidiasis)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Thrush:

White material is made up of:

A

Debris, fibrin, and desquamated epithelial cells that have been invaded by yeast cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Thrush can also develop on:

A

Vulva, Anus, or other body folds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Thrush:

May present on commissure of lips and cause:

A

Angular cheilitis

22
Q

Uncommon symptoms of thrush:

A

Pain, may feel like burning

Dysphagia and hoarseness

Metallic, acidic, salty, or bitter taste

23
Q

Treatment of thrush

A

Antifungal therapy

  • Fluconazole
  • Ketoconazole
  • Clotrimazole
  • Nystatin mouth rise TID

0.12% Chlorhexidine and half-strength hydrogen peroxide rinses

Clean dentures with Nystatin powder

24
Q

HIV infected patients with thrush may need:

A

Voriconazole

25
"Canker Sores" Common, unknown etiology. Immune response associated with herpes virus 6, but not viral or communicable Manifests after malnutrition, disease, trauma, or stress
Recurrent Aphthous Stomatitis (RAS)
26
Prodrome of burning or itching 1/4 to 6mm, round, yellow gray fibrinoid centers surrounded by red halos Found on non-keratinized tissue Painful, especially with physical contact or spicy food
RAS
27
Treatment of RAS
Self healing, 10-14 days Topical corticosteroids provide symptomatic relief
28
Used selectively in recurrent aphthous ulcerations in HIV-positive patients
Thalidomide
29
Umbrella term for conditions producing dysfunction of the jaw joint or pain in the jaw and face Often in or around the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) and other muscles of the head and neck, the fascia, or both
Temporomandibular disorders (TMD)
30
A person is considered to have TMD only if:
Pain or limitation of motion is severe enough to require professional care
31
Most TMD is related to the disturbed movement of:
- Mandibular condyle - Glenoid fossa - Cartilaginous articular disk
32
Causes of TMD
- Clenching and grinding of teeth - Trauma - Arthritis - Malocclusion and missing teeth - Abnormal growth of the condyle
33
TMJ immobility or fusion of the joint
Ankylosis
34
TMD: Disorder of unknown etiology characterized by persistent accelerated growth of the condyle
Condylar hyperplasia
35
Facial deformity caused by a short mandibular ramus
Condylar hypoplasia
36
TMD: Myofascial pain syndrome can be caused by:
Tension, fatigue, or spasm in the masticatory muscles
37
TMD: Often results from trauma or infection, but may be congenital or a result of RA. Chronic, painless limitation of motion occurs. When ankylosis leads to arrest of condylar growth, facial asymmetry is common.
Ankylosis
38
Crossbite malocclusion, facial asymmetry, and sifting of the midpoint of the chin to the unaffected side. Lower border of the mandible is often convex on the affected side.
Condylar Hyperplasia
39
Deviation of chin to affected side, elongated mandible, flatness of face on unaffected side. Malocclusion.
Condylar Hypoplasia
40
Symptoms include bruxism, headaches, pain and tenderness in and around the masticatory apparatus or referred to other locations in the head and neck. Possible limitations to mobility. Placing tongue blades 2-3 thick between molars on both sides may ease symptoms when patient bites down.
Myofascial pain syndrome
41
Results from changing patterns of hyperkeratosis and erythema on dorsum and edges of tongue Desquamated filiform papillae in irregular circinate pattern, often with an inflamed center and white or yellow border 2-3% of the population
Geographic Tongue
42
Dark, elongated filiform papillae, strained by chromogenic microorganisms, giving the appearance of hair
Hairy Tongue
43
Predisposing factors of hairy tongue
Xerostomia Soft diet Poor oral hygiene Smoking Certain Medications
44
Treatment for hairy tongue:
Good Oral hygiene including scrubbing tongue Resolving predisposing factors
45
Soft nodule; if superficial, covered by thin epithelium; appears bluish, most common on the lips and floor of the mouth (ranula) Occurs as a result of a ruptured or obstructed minor salivary gland
Mucocele
46
Treatment of mucocele
Some spontaneously resolve. Salt water rinses 6 times a day for several days. May require surgical removal. Does not resolve with incision or drainage.
47
Lacerations to mucosa must be repaired by an oral and maxillofacial surgeon or otorhinolaryngologist if:
Stensen's or Wharton's ducts are compromised
48
Place mucosal sutures ___mm from wound edges and ___mm apart
2-3 5-7
49
Nerve that supplies the upper lip
Infraorbital
50
Nerve that supplies the lower lip
Submandibular

Dental 22010 (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions