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Dental 22010 > Chapter 1 Anatomy > Flashcards

Chapter 1 Anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

Initiates the breakdown of starch

A

Salivary amylase

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2
Q

Breaks down triglycerides into fatty acids

A

Lingual lipase

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3
Q

Cheeks are covered internally by what type of mucous membrane?

A

Non-keratinized stratified squamous epithelium

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4
Q

Lips contain what muscle?

A

Orbicularis oris

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5
Q

Wall or septum that separates the oral cavity from the nasal cavity, forming the roof of the mouth

A

Palate

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6
Q

Formed by the maxillae and palatine bones and is covered by keratinized mucous membrane

A

Hard palate (anterior)

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7
Q

Posterior portion of the roof of the mouth, arch-shaped muscular partition between the oropharynx and nasopharynx, lined with non-keratinized mucous membrane

A

Soft palate (posterior)

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8
Q

Accessory digestion organ composed of skeletal muscle covered with mucous membrane

A

Tongue

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9
Q

Side of the tongue:

Contains tastebuds and is covered with keratinized stratified squamous epithelium.

A

Dorsal

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10
Q

Side of tongue:

Lined with non-keratinized mucous membranes.

A

Lateral and ventral

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11
Q

Secrete both mucous and a watery serous fluid that contains the enzyme lingual lipase which acts on triglycerides

A

Lingual glands in the lamina propria of the tongue

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12
Q

Palatine tonsils are situated between which two arches?

A

Palatoglossal and the palatopharyngeal

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13
Q

At the posterior border of the soft palate, the mouth opens into the oropharynx through the:

A

Fauces

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14
Q

Keratinized epithelial tissue that covers the alveolar processes, and extends slightly into each socket

A

Gingiva (gums)

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15
Q

The gingiva forms a triangle of tissue called the interdental papilla, filling in the space _______ between each tooth

A

Embrasure

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16
Q

Freely moveable non-keratinized mucosa that connects the freely movable tissues of the cheeks and lips to the firm tissues of the gingiva

A

Mucogingival junction/fold

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17
Q

Visible region of the tooth above the level of the gums

A

Crown (coronal)

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18
Q

Region of the tooth which encompasses the junction of the crown and root near the gum line.

Contains the cementum enamel junction (CEJ) where the enamel and cementum meet.

A

Neck (Cervical)

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19
Q

Region of the tooth that is embedded in the socket.

A

Root (radicular)

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20
Q

Different root classifications:

A

1 - Single-rooted

2 - Bifurcated

3 - Trifurcated

> 3 - Multi-rooted

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21
Q

Tissue of the tooth that covers the crown.

Hardest tissue in the body.

95% calcium.

A

Enamel

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22
Q

Tissue that forms the majority of the tooth.

Gives the tooth basic shape and rigidity.

Harder than bone.

70% calcium.

A

Dentin

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23
Q

Connective tissue of the tooth located within the pulp cavity containing blood vessels, nerves, and lymphatic vessels

A

Pulp

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24
Q

Each root canal has an opening at its base, the _________ through which blood vessels, lymphatic vessels offer protection, and the nerves provide sensation

A

Apical Foramen

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25
Q

Tissue of the attachment apparatus which covers the dentin of the roots.

Bone-like substance, which attaches the root to the periodontal ligament.

26
Q

Tissue of the attachment apparatus which lines the tooth sockets and consists of dense fibrous connective tissue that anchors the teeth to the sock walls.

Innervated and provide proprioception.

A

Periodontal ligaments

27
Q

Tissue of the attachment apparatus which is the thickened ridge of the bone that contains the tooth sockets (alveoli) on bones that hold teeth in the maxilla and mandible

A

Alveolar process

28
Q

Closest to the midline, chisel-shaped and adapted for cutting into food.

One root.

29
Q

Pointed surface called a cusp.

They are used to tear and shred food.

They have one root.

A

Canines (cuspids)

30
Q

Two cusps and one to two roots.

Used for crushing and grinding.

A

Premolars (biscuspids)

31
Q

Four or five cusps and 2-3 roots.

Used for crushing and grinding.

32
Q

Fused pair of facial bones that contains the upper teeth (maxillary arch), the hard palate, and the V2 branch of the trigeminal nerve.

33
Q

Lower jawbone, is the largest and strongest facial bone.

Only moveable skull bone.

34
Q

Each ramus has a posterior condyle that articulates with the temporal bone to form the:

A

Temporal Mandibular Joint (TMJ)

35
Q

Nerves:

A

Anterior Superior Alveolar (ASA)

Middle Superior Alveolar (MSA)

Posterior Superior Alveolar (PSA)

Infraorbital (IO)

Inferior Alveolar (IA)

Lingual

Mental

36
Q

Salivary Glands:

A

Parotid

Submandibular

Sublingual

37
Q

Major salivary glands located inferior and anterior to the ears between the skin and the masseter muscle.

Secretes saliva into the oral cavity via the Stenson’s duct at the second maxillary molar.

A

Parotid Glands

38
Q

Major salivary glands found on the floor of the mouth.

Wharton’s ducts, enter laterally to the lingual frenulum.

A

Submandibular Glands

39
Q

Major salivary glands found beneath the tongue and superior to the submandibular glands.

Lesser sublingual ducts, open into the floor of the mouth in the oral cavity proper.

A

Sublingual glands

40
Q

99.5% water and 0.5% solutes

41
Q

Toward the tongue

42
Q

Toward the cheek

43
Q

Toward the face

44
Q

Toward the lips

45
Q

Toward the palate

46
Q

In between

A

Interproximal

47
Q

Biting surface of molars and premolars

48
Q

Biting surface of laterals and canines

49
Q

Substance that induces insensitivity to pain. Measured as a percentage.

A

Anesthetic

50
Q

Substance that induces the narrowing of the muscular walls of the blood measures

A

Vasoconstrictor

51
Q

1:100,000 Epi

8 cartridges for Healthy patients

2 cartridges for Cardiac patients

Half life of 1.6h

A

2% Lidocaine/Xylocaine

52
Q

1:200,000 of Epi

10 cartridges for healthy patients

4 cartridges for cardiac patients

Half-life of 3.5h

A

0.5% Bupivacaine/Marcaine

53
Q

Signs and Symptoms of anesthetic overdose

A

Slurred speech and/or disorientation

Shivering

Twitching, facial muscle tremors

Lightheadedness/Dizziness

Visual and/or auditory disturbances

Drowsiness

HTN (mild), hypotension (SEVERE)

Warm/flushed skin

Pleasant dreamlike state

54
Q

Equipment used for anesthetizing

A

10mL syringe OR dental aspirating syringe

Anesthetic vial OR 1.8mL cartridge

1 or 1.5 inch, 25-30 gauze needle

Topical anesthetic with cotton tip applicator (optional)

55
Q

Deposition of local anesthetic directly at or near small terminal nerve endings in the immediate area of treatment

A

Local Infiltration

56
Q

Deposition of local anesthetic near a major nerve trunk at a greater distance from the area of treatment, provides wider areas of anesthesia

A

Regional block

  • Alveolar(s) (ASA, MSA, PSA, IA)
  • Mental incisal
57
Q

For anesthesia of entire hemi-mandible

For fracture repair, removal of teeth, or pain control

A

Inferior Alveolar (IA) Block

58
Q

Target site of an Inferior Alveolar Block

A

Lingula, small bony bump about halfway back on the inner ramus of the mandible

59
Q

Depth of injection of an IA block

A

2-3 cm

about 1/2 or 3/4 of a long 1.5 inch needle

60
Q

IA Block:

Amount deposited

A

1.5 mL over 60 seconds.

Withdraw half of needle and deposit the remainder.

Dental 22010 (6 decks)

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