Chapter 4: Contemporary Issues Flashcards
Natural disasters occur due to two main reasons. What are they?
Internal physical processes of the earth
Changes in weather and climatic conditions
Name some human activities that contribute to flooding
Deforestation
Sand mining from rivers
Digging up mines
Filling marshy land
Illegal construction on river banks
Improper disposal of waste material
How do you minimize the damage caused by a flood?
Rush to a secure place away from flood prone areas
Avoid entering flood-affected areas
Avoid contact with any kind of electrical cable
Refrain from eating flood-affected food
Refrain from using water from the affected areas
Follow the guidance of relevant authorities
Define a cyclone
Violent and destructive winds that occur in tropical areas
Name some safety measures that must be taken in the event of a cyclone/storm
Withdraw from affected areas
Get to a protected area
Take a pre-arranged rations package
If staying at home:
1. Check whether the roof and walls are safe
2. Remove all trees/tree branches in the vicinty
3. Disconnect electricity
How do you avoid the damage caused by a thunderstorm?
Avoid isolated open spaces and tall trees
Avoid horse riding, riding bicycles or travelling on open vehicles
Refrain from using telephones
REfrain from touching metal items
Unplug electrical items
Refrain from using electrical items
Name some human activities that heighten the destruction of a tsunami
Removal of natural vegetation in the coastal area
Destruction of mangroves
Damage to coral reefs
Removal of sand bars in caostal areas
Some measures to be taken to minimize the damage caused by a tsunami:
Pay attention to media announcements
Withdraw from the affected area
Make others aware
Be alert for the signs of an incoming tsunami
Rush to higher ground immediately
Be aware of large tidal waves
Name some unfavorable results of a drought
Loss of life
Shortage of drinking water
Disruption to the generation of electricity
Destruction of crop cultivations
Loss of wildlife
Reduction in ground water leves
Streams dry up
How do we safeguard from the threat of a drought?
Do not engage in deforestation
Do not expose soil to direct heat
Conserve water
Do not pollute water
Reforest
Protect hydro catchment areas
Use rainwater harvest tanks
Name five measures that can be taken to minimize natural disasters
Protecting mangroves
Avoiding deforestation
Restricting improper mining
Avoid setting fire to forests
Refraining from coral reef mining
Steps to be taken to minimize damage during a disaster:
Being alert to awareness-raising messagers from institutes and organizations
Saving victims
Giving proper first aid
Taking victims to hospitals
Assisting defence/health service providers
What are some institutions that can be of assistance in a disaster?
Police
Tri forces
Fire bridage
Red-Cross organization
Hospitals
Define disaster management
Minimizing damage caused by disasters
Name some reasons for food related accidents
Faliure to wash and clean all items of food
Consumption of expired food
Consumption of half-cooked crap
Measures taken by salesmen (using chemicals to ripen fruit etc.)
