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PSY 101 Test 2 Review > Chapter 4: Consciousness > Flashcards

Chapter 4: Consciousness Flashcards

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1
Q

Inactivity sleep theory

A

Inactivity would protect us from predators

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2
Q

Energy conservation sleep theory

A

Spend less energy/calories during sleep

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3
Q

Restorative/healing sleep theory

A

Healing takes place during sleep

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4
Q

Memory consolidation Sleep theory

A

We store our memories effectively during sleep

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5
Q

Sleep deprivation: Cognitive slowing

A

takes longer to think

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6
Q

Sleep deprivation: Cognitive rigity

A

lack of sleep kills creativity

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7
Q

Sleep deprivation: Decreased motivation

A

you dont care as much about poor performance

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8
Q

Circadian rhythm

A

24- Hour Cycle which brain & bodily function controlled by

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9
Q

What affects the circadian rhythm?

A

-Lightness/ Darkness cues
-Meal timing

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10
Q

Suprachiasmatic Nucleus (SCN):

A

like a daily timer for a lamp on a dimmer. can be programmed to be brighter/darker at different times of the day. LOCATED IN HYPOTHALAMUS

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11
Q

Alpha waves

A

awake and relaxed

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12
Q

Theta waves

A

Stage 1 & 2 sleep

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13
Q

Hypnagogic hallucinations

A

Dream of falling

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14
Q

stage 1 sleep

A
  • very light sleep.
  • breathing rate & muscles slow
    -hypnagogic hallucinations
    -myoclonic jerk
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15
Q

stage 2 sleep

A
  • breathing & heart rate slows
  • body temp drops
  • sleep spindles (bursts of brain activity)
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16
Q

delta waves

A

Stages 3 & 4 sleep
- Deepest stages of sleep
- sleep walking & talking

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17
Q

REM Sleep

A
  • brain activity & dreams occur
  • rapid eye movement
  • REM paralysis
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18
Q

Rapid eye movement

A

heart rate increases, breathing increases, sexual arousal

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19
Q

REM paralysis

A

skeletal muscles completely relaxed. paralyzed in a relaxed way

20
Q

REM rebound

A

increase in rem sleep after a period of rem sleep deprivation

21
Q

Insomnia

A

consistent difficulty falling asleep, staying asleep, or achieving high quality sleep

22
Q

night terrors

A

brief sudden awakening where the person feels frightened. NON REM SLEEP

23
Q

narcolepsy

A

sleep attacks

24
Q

somnambulism/
Sleep Walking

A

walking while asleep
3% of people

25
Q

sleep apnea

A

interruptions of breathing during sleep that cause repeated waking
20% of adults

26
Q

Sleep hygiene

A

routine behaviors that promote healthy sleep

27
Q

Stimulus control

A

use bed only for sleep

28
Q

dreams preform a ___________ function.

A

fresh- start

29
Q

imagery rehersal theory

A

technique where nightmare sufferer retells the nightmare to therapist, but with a better ending.

30
Q

Lucid dreaming

A

a dreaming experience in which you have some control over the dream while you remain asleep.

stage 1, 2, & rem sleep.

31
Q

psychoactive drugs

A

substances that alter mental functioning (mood, memory, thinking, and perception)

32
Q

Psychoactive drugs affect neurotransmitters in 4 ways:

A
  1. increase release of neurotransmitter
  2. block/activate receptors of neurotransmitters in receiving neuron
  3. inhibit reuptake of neurotransmitters that didnt complete the trip across the synapse
  4. inhibit enzymes in/near neuron that would break down neurotransmitter
33
Q

tolerance

A

decreased effectiveness of an amount of a drug

34
Q

withdrawal

A

symptoms (usually unpleasant) of discontinued habitual drug use; opposite of drugs effect

35
Q

psychological dependence

A

mental need for a drug in order to function properly.

36
Q

physical dependence

A

physical need for a drug in order to function properly

37
Q

addiction

A

problematic drug use that persists after negative consequences

38
Q

depressants

A

drugs that slow bodily functions

39
Q

stimulants

A

speed up bodily functions

40
Q

opiods

A

drugs that include naturally derived opiates & synthetically made substances that bind the same receptors in the brain.

Pain relievers

41
Q

hallucinogens

A

drugs that produce unrealistic sensations aka, hallucinations

42
Q

What does andrew weil believe?

A

he believes that humans have a natural drive to experiment with altering consciousness; this is normal. Drugs are an easy and minimal effort way to do this. But may be expensive or come with negative side effects and may fail us overtime.

43
Q

Andrew weil believes that people should be taught what?

A

how to unlock the potential to altering our consciousness in a safe way with exercise, yoga, meditation etc.

44
Q

meditation

A

an activity designed to increase focus attention with the ultimate purpose of improving your mental state

45
Q

mindfulness

A

awareness of your moment- to- moment experiences fully, deliberately, and without distraction

PSY 101 Test 2 Review (3 decks)

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