Chapter 4-Chemistry_Periodic Table

Question 1

Atomic Number

Answer 1

Number of protons in an atom

Question 2

Atoms

Answer 2

The particles that make up all materials; the smallest part of an element that can take part in a chemical reaction

Question 3

Electron Configuration

Answer 3

Arrangement of electrons in electron shells

Question 4

Electron Shells/ Energy Levels

Answer 4

The regions surrounding the nucleus where electrons may be found

Question 5

Element

Answer 5

A substance composed of atoms with the same atomic number; 118 are known to exist

Question 6

Ground State

Answer 6

The lowest energy arrangement of an atom’s electrons in energy levels (shells)

Question 7

Indirect Evidence

Answer 7

Evidence that does not involve direct observation

Question 8

Nucleus

Answer 8

Heavy core at the centre of he atom, made of protons and neutrons

Question 9

Actinides

Answer 9

A special block of metallic elements with atomic numbers 90-103

Question 10

Groups

Answer 10

Vertical columns of the periodic table; group number is equal to the number of electrons in the outer shell of atoms of the elements in that group

Question 11

Lanthanides

Answer 11

A special block of metallic elements with atomic numbers 58-71

Question 12

Periodic Table

Answer 12

A list of all known elements, arranged horizontally in order of increasing atomic number and vertically according to the number of electrons in the outer shell

Question 13

Periods

Answer 13

Horizontal rows of the periodic table; period number of an element is equal to the number of electrons shells

Question 14

Transition Elements

Answer 14

A special block of metallic elements covering metals from groups 3-12

Question 15

Bonds

Answer 15

Links that join atoms together

Question 16

Covalent Bonding

Answer 16

The sharing of electrons between atoms of non-metals

Question 17

Inert Gases/ Noble Gases

Answer 17

Group 18 elements known for their stability (lack of reactivity)

Question 18

Ionic Bonding

Answer 18

Attraction of positive and negative ions formed from the transfer of electrons from metallic to non-metallic atoms

Question 19

Ions

Answer 19

‘Charged atoms’ (or groups of atoms) formed by electrons being transferred from one atom to another

Question 20

Lattices

Answer 20

A regular arrangement of particles. In ionic lattices, the particles are ions; in solid molecular lattices, the particles are molecules; and in Diamond and graphite; the particles are atoms

Question 21

Metallic Bonding

Answer 21

A mutual attraction between a lattice of positive metal ions and a sea of delocalised, outer-shell electrons

Question 22

Molecules

Answer 22

Discrete groupings of atoms covalently bonded together

Question 23

Monatomic

Answer 23

Atoms that exist on their own, without bonding with others

Question 24

Alkali Metals

Answer 24

Group 1 elements

Question 25

Alkaline Earths

Answer 25

Group 2 elements

Question 26

Allotropes

Answer 26

Forms of the same element that have different molecular structures and therefor different properties

Question 27

Halogens

Answer 27

Group 17 elements

Question 28

Organic

Answer 28

Compound that is or was part of a living thing; contains carbon

Question 29

Organic Molecules

Answer 29

Molecules that have a backbone of carbon