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Hazardous materials for first responders 5th edition > Chapter 4: Chemical Properties and Hazardous Materials Behaviour > Flashcards

Chapter 4: Chemical Properties and Hazardous Materials Behaviour Flashcards

1
Q 
Which state of matter is a fluid that has neither independent shape nor volume? (193)
A. Gas
B. Solid
C. Vapor
D. Liquid
A

Gas

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2
Q 
Which state of matter is a fluid that has no independent shape but does have a specific volume? (193)
A. Gas
B. Solid
C. Vapor
D. Liquid
A

Liquid

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3
Q 
Which state of matter is a substance that has both a specific shape and volume? (193)
A. Gas
B. Solid
C. Vapor
D. Liquid
A

Solid

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4
Q 
Gas potentially presents a (an) \_\_\_ hazard. (193)
A. contact
B. ingestion
C. inhalation
D. penetration
A

inhalation

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5
Q 
Which state of matter is difficult, if not impossible, to contain for mitigation purposes? (193)
A. Gas
B. Solid
C. Vapor
D. Liquid
A

Gases

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6
Q 
Liquids flow in accordance with the laws of: (193)
A. inertia.
B. gravity.
C. physics.
D. conservation.
A

gravity.

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7
Q 
Liquids are primarily a (an) \_\_\_ hazard. (194)
A. contact
B. ingestion
C. inhalation
D. penetration
A

contact

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8
Q 
Which state of matter will typically remain in place unless acted upon? (194)
A. Gas
B. Solid
C. Vapor
D. Liquid
A

solids

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9
Q 
Which of the following is the minimum temperature at which a liquid or volatile solid gives off sufficient vapors to form an ignitable mixture with air near its surface? (194)
A. Fire point
B. Flash point
C. Vapor pressure
D. Autoignition temperature
A

Flash point

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10
Q 
Which of the following is the minimum temperature to which the fuel in the air must be heated to initiate self-sustained combustion without initiation from an independent ignition source? (197)
A. Fire point
B. Flash point
C. Boiling point
D. Autoignition temperature
A

Autoignition temperture

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11
Q 
The autoignition temperature of a material is \_\_\_ than its flash and fire point. (197)
A. the same
B. slightly higher
C. considerably lower
D. considerably higher
A

considerably higher

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12
Q 
Which of the following is NOT a term for the percentage of gas or vapour concentration in air that will burn or explode if ignited? (198)
A. Ignition range
B. Explosive range
C. Flammable range
D. Combustible range
A

Ignition range

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13
Q

Vapor pressure is the: (200)
A. pressure at which a chemical ignites or explodes.
B. pressure exerted by a saturated vapour above its own liquid in a closed container.
C. temperature at which a liquid within a container is heated, causing the material inside to boil or vaporize.
D. temperature at which the vapour pressure of a liquid is equal to or greater than atmospheric pressure.

A

pressure exerted by a saturated vapour above its own liquid in a closed container.

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14
Q 
Vapour pressure can be viewed as the measure of the tendency of a substance to: (200)
A. boil.
B. explode.
C. combust.
D. evaporate.
A

evaporate.

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15
Q 
The higher the temperature of the substance, the \_\_\_ the vapour pressure will be. (200)
A. lower
B. higher
C. less explosive
D. more explosive
A

higher

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16
Q

Boiling point is the: (202)
A. pressure at which a chemical ignites or explodes.
B. pressure exerted by a saturated vapour above its own liquid in a closed container.
C. temperature at which a liquid within a container is heated, causing the material inside to boil or vaporize.
D. temperature at which the vapour pressure of a liquid is equal to or greater than atmospheric pressure.

A

temperature at which the vapour pressure of a liquid is equal to or greater than atmospheric pressure.

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17
Q

Which of the following can occur when a liquid within a container is heated, causing the material inside to boil or vaporize? (202)
A. Boiling expanding vapor explosion (BEVE)
B. Catastrophic expanding liquid explosion (CELE)
C. Boiling liquid expanding vapor explosion (BLEVE)
D. Catastrophic liquid expanding vapor explosion (CLEVE)

A

Boiling liquid expanding vapor explosion (BLEVE)

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18
Q 
Which of the following is the temperature at which a solid substance changes to a liquid state at normal atmospheric pressure? (202)
A. Sublimation
B. Boiling point
C. Melting point
D. Freezing point
A

Melting point

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19
Q 
Which of the following is the temperature at which liquid becomes solid at normal atmospheric pressure? (203)
A. Sublimation
B. Boiling point
C. Melting point
D. Freezing point
A

Freezing point

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20
Q 
Which of the following is a change directly from solid to gas without going into a liquid state in between? (203)
A. Boiling
B. Melting
C. Freezing
D. Sublimation
A

Sublimation

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21
Q 
Vapour density is the weight of a given volume of pure vapour or gas compared to the weight of an equal volume of \_\_\_ at the same temperature and pressure. (204)
A. dry air
B. humid air
C. boiling water
D. freezing water
A

dry air

22
Q 
Vapor density \_\_\_ indicates a vapor lighter than air. (204)
A. less than 1
B. less than 10
C. greater than 1
D. greater than 10
A

less than 1

23
Q 
Which of the following is the percentage of a material (by weight) that will dissolve in water at ambient temperature? (205)
A. Solubility
B. Miscibility
C. Vapor solubility
D. Specific miscibility
A

Solubility

24
Q 
Which of the following affects whether the substance mixes with water? (205)
A. Solubility
B. Miscibility
C. Vapor solubility
D. Specific miscibility
A

Solubility

25
Q 
Which of the following is the degree or readiness to which two or more gases or liquids are able to mix with or dissolve into each other? (205)
A. Solubility
B. Miscibility
C. Vapor solubility
D. Specific miscibility
A

Miscibility

26
Q

Specific gravity is the: (205)
A. weight of a given volume of pure vapor or gas.
B. ability of a substance to remain in the environment.
C. relative ability to undergo a chemical reaction with another material.
D. ratio of the density of a material to the density of some
standard material at standard conditions of pressure and
temperature.

A

ratio of the density of a material to the density of some
standard material at standard conditions of pressure and
temperature.

27
Q

Which of the following is persistence? (207)
A. The weight of a given volume of pure vapor or gas
B. The ability of a substance to remain in the environment
C. The relative ability to undergo a chemical reaction with another material
D. The ratio of the density of a material to the density of some standard material at standard conditions of pressure and temperature

A

The ability of a substance to remain in the environment

28
Q

Reactivity is the: (207)
A. weight of a given volume of pure vapor or gas
B. ability of a substance to remain in the environment
C. relative ability to undergo a chemical reaction with another material
D. ratio of the density of a material to the density of some
standard material at standard conditions of pressure and
temperature

A

relative ability to undergo a chemical reaction with another material

29
Q 
Which of the following is NOT a result of reactivity? (207)
A. BLEVE
B. Pressure buildup
C. Temperature increase
D. Formation of toxic by products
A

BLEVE

30
Q 
Which of the following is NOT a part of the reactivity triangle? (207-208)
A. Oxidizing agent
B. Reducing agent
C. Chemical chain reaction
D. Activation energy source
A

Chemical chain reaction

31
Q 
According to GEBMO, which of the following is a question that should be asked by first responders at haz mat incidents? (214)
A. What resources are nearby?
B. How long will the incident last?
C. What is stressing the container?
D. What type of foam is necessary?
A

What is stressing the container?

32
Q

Hazardous materials incidents generally follow which sequence? (214-215)
A. Stress-Breach-Release-Dispersion-Exposure-Harm
B. Breach-Release-Stress-Exposure-Dispersion-Harm
C. Harm-Stress-Breach-Dispersion-Release-Exposure
D. Release-Exposure-Breach-Stress-Dispersion-Harm

A

Stress-Breach-Release-Dispersion-Exposure-Harm

33
Q 
Stress causes almost \_\_\_ of all reported haz mat incidents. (215)
A. ⅛
B. ¼
C. ½
D. ⅝
A

¼

34
Q 
Which of the following is NOT a common stressor? (215-216)
A. Thermal
B. Chemical
C. Biological
D. Mechanical
A

Biological

35
Q 
Which of the following is a clue of thermal stress? (215)
A. Visible corrosion
B. Physical damage
C. Mechanism of injury
D. Operation of a relief device
A

Operation of a relief device

36
Q 
Which of the following is a clue of mechanical stress? (216)
A. Operation of relief devices
B. Degradation of container surfaces
C. Observation of flame impingement
D. Changing environmental conditions
A

Operation of relief devices

37
Q 
A breach is dependent on the: (216)
A. type of container.
B. size of the container.
C. ambient temperatures.
D. hazardous materials involved.
A

type of container.

38
Q 
Which type of breach occurs when a container suffers a loss of integrity? (216)
A. Split
B. Puncture
C. Disintegration
D. Runaway cracking
A

Disintegration

39
Q 
Which type of breach is caused by corrosive action of an acid on steel? (217)
A. Puncture
B. Split or tear
C. Metal reduction
D. Runaway cracking
A

puncture?

40
Q 
Which of the following is NOT one of the things that may release when a container fails? (217)
A. Energy
B. Product
C. Container
D. Vapor pressure
A

Vapor pressure

41
Q 
Which type of release is an instantaneous and explosive release of stored chemical energy of a hazardous material? (217)
A. Spill/leak
B. Detonation
C. Rapid relief
D. Violent rupture
A

Detonation

42
Q 
Which type of release is a fast release of pressurized hazardous material through properly operating safety devices? (218)
A. Spill/leak
B. Detonation
C. Rapid relief
D. Violent rupture
A

Rapid relief

43
Q 
Dispersion depends on all of the following EXCEPT: (218)
A. physical laws.
B. chemical laws.
C. time of release.
D. type of release.
A

time of release.

44
Q 
Which dispersion pattern is a semicircular or dome-shaped pattern of airborne hazardous material that is still partially in contact with ground or water? (219)
A. Cone
B. Cloud
C. Stream
D. Hemispheric
A

Hemispheric

45
Q 
Which dispersion pattern is an irregularly shaped pattern of an airborne hazardous material where wind and/or topography influence the downrange course from the point of release? (220)
A. Pool
B. Plume
C. Stream
D. Irregular
A

Plume

46
Q 
Which dispersion pattern is a three-dimensional, slow-following liquid dispersion? (222)
A. Pool
B. Cone
C. Cloud
D. Stream
A

Cone

47
Q 
Which of the following is NOT a type of exposure? (224)
A. People
B. Animals
C. Property
D. Environment
A

Animals

48
Q 
Deflagration is generally associated with a (an) \_\_\_ exposure timeframe. (224)
A. immediate
B. short-term
C. medium-term
D. long-term
A

Immediate

49
Q 
Which exposure timeframe includes days, weeks, or months? (224)
A. immediate
B. short-term
C. medium-term
D. long-term
A

medium-term

50
Q

The General Hazardous Materials Behavior Model (GEBMO) explains that all hazardous materials incidents: (211)

a. are the same.
b. are very different.
c. have common elements.
d. require the same mitigation actions.

A

have common elements.

Hazardous materials for first responders 5th edition (8 decks)

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