Chapter 4 - Chemical Formulae and Equations Flashcards
what is meant by chemical symbol?
a letter or group of letters representing an element in a chemical formula
what is a compound ion?
an ion made up of several different atoms covalently bonded together and with an overall charge
what is molecular formula?
a formula that shows the actual number of atoms of each element present in a molecule of the compound
what is an empirical formula?
a formula for a compound that shows the simplest ratio of atoms present
what is a word equation?
a summary of a chemical reaction using the chemical names of the reactants and products
what are reactants?
the chemical substances that react together in a chemical reaction
what are products?
the substance(s) produced by a chemical reaction
what is a balanced chemical (symbol) equation?
a summary of a chemical reaction using chemical formulae - the total number of any of the atoms involved is the same on both the reactants and product side of the equation
what are state symbols?
symbols used to show the physical state of the reactants and products in a chemical reaction
what is an ionic equation?
the simplified equation for a reaction involving ionic substances: only those ions that take part in the reaction are shown
what is a formula unit?
unit of an element or compound that is the molecule or group of ions defined by the chemical formula of the substance
what is meant by relative molecular mass (Mr)?
the sum of all the relative atomic masses of the atoms present in a molecule
what is meant by relative formula mass (Mr)?
the sum of all the relative atomic masses of the atoms present in a ‘formula unit’ of a substance
what is meant by water of crystallisation?
water included in the structure of certain salts as they crystallise
