Chapter 4 Cellular Respirration

Question 1

Celullar respiration definition?

Answer 1

The controlled release of energy from organic compounds in cells

Question 2

Total ATP for anaerobic?

Answer 2

2 ATP

Question 3

When anaerobic occurs in plant?

Answer 3

When flood, water is clogged
-stoma is clogged
-CO2 cannot diffuse into stoma througj stomata
-perform photosynthesis using O2 in cell

Question 4

Aerobic total ATP?

Answer 4

36-38 ATP

Question 5

location for anae and aero?

Answer 5

anae-cytplasm
aero-cytplasm and mitochondri

Question 6

Stages for anaerobic respiration?

Answer 6

Glycolysis
Fermentation

Question 7

Stages in aerobic respiration?

Answer 7

Glycolysis
Pyruvate oxidation
Krebs cycle
Oxidative phosphorylation (ecs and chemiosmosis)

Question 8

ATP consists of?

Answer 8

Base adenine, a pentose sugar ribose,
Combined with three phosphate groups

Question 9

In eukaryotes where does glycolysis occur?

Answer 9

Mitochondria

Question 10

Explain flow aerobic respiration

Answer 10

[Imaginationn]

Question 11

What is glycolysis?

Answer 11

Breakdown of glucose (6C) molecules in a number of enzyme-controlled reactions into 2 molecules of pyruvate(3C)

Question 12

Where does glycolysis occur and total atp produced?

Answer 12

Cytoplasm; does require O2
2 mol of atp per 1 mole of glucose

Question 13

Explain stage one glycolysis

Answer 13

1.Glucose mole is phosphorylated, receive high energy phosphate from ATP to increase its energy level to become glucose-6-phosphate (hexokinase as catalyst)

2.glucose-6-phosphate undergo isomerisation (rearranged) to become isomer fructose-6-phosphate

3.fructose-6-phosphate further activated by phosphorylation from ATP to form fructose-1,6-diphosphate (phosphofructokinase)

Question 14

Explain stage 2 of glycolysis

Answer 14

Breakdown of fructose diphosphate

1.the fructose-1,6-disphosphate produced undergo lysis (split) into glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate (G3P) & its isomer dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP)

-then DHAP will undergo isomerisation to produce 2 mol of G3P

Question 15

Explain stage 3 of glycolysis

Answer 15

Oxidation of G3P

-G3P is oxidised, hydrogen atoms are removed, NAD+ is reduced to become NADH.
-An inorganic phosphate attached to increase energy level of glycerate-1,3-diphosphate
-one phosphate from each glycerate-1,3-diphosphate is transferred to ADP to form ATP
-the 3-phosphoglycerate is rearranged to form 2 phosphoglycerwte
-removal of water produces phosphoenol-pyruvate (PEP)
-2nd phosphste is transferred to ADP to form ATP. Phosphoenol pyruvate is converted to pyruvate (pyruvic acid)

Question 16

What is the summary of ATP &NADH production during glycolysis of a glucose molecule

Answer 16

-2 mol of ATP (4-3 molecule) is that were used in stage 2
-2 mol of NADH