Chapter 4: Cells Flashcards
All organisms are made of cells
that are both unicellular and multicellular
what are the 3 parts of cell theory?
-all living things are composed of cells
-cells are the basic units of structure and function for living things
-all cells come from preexisting cells
Magnification
makes small objects bigger
Resolution
Ability to distinguish detail
What are some of the largest cells?
eggs
Prokaryotic cell structure contains
The plasma membrane, cytosol, DNA, ribosome, cell wall, capsule, pilus, and flagellum,
Eukaryotic cells contain
cells DNA and are categorized as plant or animal
the animal and plant cell contian everything together but
centriole(animal), chloroplast, cell wall, vacuole(plant)
endosymbiosis theory
explains the origin of two types of organelles, the mitochondria and chloroplast
endosymbiosis
where one organism lives inside another
Nucleus
the largest organelle that is the genetic control center and storage for hereditary material. its structures contain chromatin and nucleolus
cytoskeleton
provides shape and support to cells while also controlling traffic flow and enabling movement
microtubules
thick hollow tubes that track what molecules and organelles may attach and be moved
intermediate filaments
durable, rope-like system that gives cells great strength
microfilaments
long solid rod-like fibers that help with cell contraction and cell division
cilia
orange egg in uterus
flagella
human sperm cells
mitochondria
powerhouse that converts energy in the form of ATP
lysosomes
cells garbage disposal
endomembrane system
surrounds nucleus and produces and modifies molecules to be exported to other parts of the organism,breaks down toxic chemicals